Directed Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells into Motor Neurons
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It is shown that developmentally relevant signaling factors can induce mouse embryonic stem cells to differentiate into spinal progenitor cells, and subsequently into motor neurons, through a pathway recapitulating that used in vivo.About:
This article is published in Cell.The article was published on 2002-08-09 and is currently open access. It has received 1763 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Motor neuron & Neurogenesis.read more
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Vertebrate Hedgehog is secreted on two types of extracellular vesicles with different signaling properties
Neha Vyas,Ankita Walvekar,Dhananjay Tate,Vairavan Lakshmanan,Dhiru Bansal,Alessandra Lo Cicero,Alessandra Lo Cicero,Graça Raposo,Graça Raposo,Dasaradhi Palakodeti,Jyotsna Dhawan +10 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that while both Shh-containing exo-vesicular fractions can activate an ectopic Gli-luciferase construct, only exosomes co-expressing Integrins can activate endogenous Shh target genes HNF3β and Olig2 during the differentiation of mouse ES cells to ventral neuronal progenitors.
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The route to spinal cord cell types: a tale of signals and switches.
TL;DR: Evidence that the origin of the spinal cord is distinct from the anterior regions of the CNS is summarized, and how the timing of extracellular signals and dynamic control of transcriptional networks contribute to the correct spatiotemporal generation of different neural cell types is highlighted.
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MicroRNAs Induce a Permissive Chromatin Environment that Enables Neuronal Subtype-Specific Reprogramming of Adult Human Fibroblasts
Daniel G. Abernathy,Woo Kyung Kim,Matthew J. McCoy,Allison M. Lake,Rebecca Ouwenga,Seong Won Lee,Xiaoyun Xing,Daofeng Li,Hyung Joo Lee,Robert O. Heuckeroth,Joseph D. Dougherty,Ting Wang,Andrew S. Yoo +12 more
TL;DR: This study shows that modular synergism between miRNAs and neuronal subtype-specific transcription factors can drive lineage-specific neuronal reprogramming, providing a general platform for high-efficiency generation of distinct subtypes of human neurons.
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Potential of Stem Cell-Based Therapy for Ischemic Stroke.
Hany E. Marei,Anwarul Hasan,Roberto Rizzi,Asma Althani,Nahla Afifi,Carlo Cenciarelli,Thomas Caceci,Ashfaq Shuaib +7 more
TL;DR: Due to limited/short time window implemented in most of the recorded clinical trials about the use of stem cells as potential therapeutic intervention for stroke, further clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of the intervention in a longer time window after cellular engraftments are still needed.
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Human ESC-derived neural rosettes and neural stem cell progression.
Yechiel Elkabetz,Lorenz Studer +1 more
TL;DR: R-NSCs may represent the first example of a NSC population capable of recreating the full cellular diversity of the developing CNS, with implications for both basic stem cell biology and translational applications in regenerative medicine and drug discovery.
References
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Mammalian neural stem cells.
TL;DR: Before the full potential of neural stem cells can be realized, the authors need to learn what controls their proliferation, as well as the various pathways of differentiation available to their daughter cells.
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Cyclopia and defective axial patterning in mice lacking Sonic hedgehog gene function.
Chin Chiang,Ying Litingtung,Eric Lee,Keith E. Young,Jeffrey L Corden,Heiner Westphal,Philip A. Beachy +6 more
TL;DR: Targeted gene disruption in the mouse shows that the Sonic hedgehog(Shh) gene plays a critical role in patterning of vertebrate embryonic tissues, including the brain and spinal cord, the axial skeleton and the limbs.
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Bone marrow cells adopt the phenotype of other cells by spontaneous cell fusion
Naohiro Terada,Takashi Hamazaki,Masahiro Oka,Masanori Hoki,Diana M. Mastalerz,Yuka Nakano,Edwin M. Meyer,Laurence Morel,Bryon E. Petersen,Edward W. Scott +9 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that mouse bone marrow cells can fuse spontaneously with embryonic stem cells in culture in vitro that contains interleukin-3, which, without detailed genetic analysis, might be interpreted as ‘dedifferentiation’ or transdifferentiation.
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Neuronal specification in the spinal cord: inductive signals and transcriptional codes
TL;DR: The mechanisms that specify the identity of neural cells have been examined in many regions of the nervous system and reveal a high degree of conservation in the specification of cell fate by key signalling molecules.
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In vitro differentiation of transplantable neural precursors from human embryonic stem cells
TL;DR: In vitro differentiation, enrichment, and transplantation of neural precursor cells from human ES cells are described, depicting humanES cells as a source of transplantable neural precursors for possible nervous system repair.