Enzyme immobilisation in biocatalysis : Why, what and how
Roger A. Sheldon,Sander van Pelt +1 more
TLDR
An overview of the why, what and how of enzyme immobilisation for use in biocatalysis is presented and emphasis is placed on relatively recent developments, such as the use of novel supports such as mesoporous silicas, hydrogels, and smart polymers, and cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs).Abstract:
In this tutorial review, an overview of the why, what and how of enzyme immobilisation for use in biocatalysis is presented. The importance of biocatalysis in the context of green and sustainable chemicals manufacture is discussed and the necessity for immobilisation of enzymes as a key enabling technology for practical and commercial viability is emphasised. The underlying reasons for immobilisation are the need to improve the stability and recyclability of the biocatalyst compared to the free enzyme. The lower risk of product contamination with enzyme residues and low or no allergenicity are further advantages of immobilised enzymes. Methods for immobilisation are divided into three categories: adsorption on a carrier (support), encapsulation in a carrier, and cross-linking (carrier-free). General considerations regarding immobilisation, regardless of the method used, are immobilisation yield, immobilisation efficiency, activity recovery, enzyme loading (wt% in the biocatalyst) and the physical properties, e.g. particle size and density, hydrophobicity and mechanical robustness of the immobilisate, i.e. the immobilised enzyme as a whole (enzyme + support). The choice of immobilisate is also strongly dependent on the reactor configuration used, e.g. stirred tank, fixed bed, fluidised bed, and the mode of downstream processing. Emphasis is placed on relatively recent developments, such as the use of novel supports such as mesoporous silicas, hydrogels, and smart polymers, and cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs).read more
Citations
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Rational Design and Development of Electrospun Nanofibrous Biohybrid Composites
TL;DR: In this review, the recent developments on the different methodologies in encapsulation and immobilization of microbial cells in electrospun nanofibers and their potential applications in bioremediation, food, agriculture, biocatalysis, regenerative medicine, etc are briefly summarized.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chaperonin-Inspired pH Protection by Mesoporous Silica SBA-15 on Myoglobin and Lysozyme.
TL;DR: The results indicate that the protective effects conferred to enzymes immobilized by physical adsorption to SBA-15 are driven by the enzymes' electrostatic attraction to the material's surface.
Journal ArticleDOI
Polymer–inorganic microcapsules fabricated by combining biomimetic adhesion and bioinspired mineralization and their use for catalase immobilization
TL;DR: In this paper, a novel enzyme bioreactor based upon polymer-inorganic hybrid microcapsules was prepared through combining biomimetic adhesion and bio-inspired mineralization, which caused a varied enzyme catalytic activity.
Journal ArticleDOI
CRGO/alginate microbeads: an enzyme immobilization system and its potential application for a continuous enzymatic reaction
Fuhua Zhao,Hui Li,Xicheng Wang,Lin Wu,Hou Tonggang,Jing Guan,Yijun Jiang,Huanfei Xu,Xindong Mu +8 more
TL;DR: Novel hybrid microbeads composed of chemically reduced graphene oxide (CRGO) and alginate were fabricated, which could encapsulate enzymes by a simple non-covalent adsorption-entrapment method and greatly enhanced the stability and environmental tolerance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Enhanced Activityof Immobilized Lipase by Phosphonium-BasedIonic Liquids Used in the Support Preparation and Immobilization Process
Milson dos Santos Barbosa,Adriana J. Santos,Nayara Bezerra Carvalho,Renan Tavares Figueiredo,Matheus M. Pereira,Álvaro S. Lima,Mara G. Freire,Rebeca Y. Cabrera-Padilla,Cleide Mara Faria Soares +8 more
TL;DR: This work investigated the use of phosphonium-based ionic liquids (ILs) on the activity of immobilized Burkholderia cepacia lipase by two approaches: use ofILs to prepare silica used as support and use of ILs during the enzyme immobilization process.
References
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Engineering the third wave of biocatalysis
Uwe T. Bornscheuer,Gjalt W. Huisman,Romas J. Kazlauskas,Romas J. Kazlauskas,Stefan Lutz,Jeffrey C. Moore,Karen Robins +6 more
TL;DR: Applications of protein-engineered biocatalysts ranging from commodity chemicals to advanced pharmaceutical intermediates that use enzyme catalysis as a key step are discussed.
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Enzyme immobilization: The quest for optimum performance
TL;DR: Different methods for the immobilization of enzymes are critically reviewed, with emphasis on relatively recent developments, such as the use of novel supports, e.g., mesoporous silicas, hydrogels, and smart polymers, novel entrapment methods and cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs).
Journal ArticleDOI
Chemistry of Aerogels and Their Applications
Alain Pierre,Gerard Pajonk +1 more
TL;DR: Aerogels form a new class of solids showing sophisticated potentialities for a range of applications, and can develop very attractive physical and chemical properties not achievable by other means of low temperature soft chemical synthesis.
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Potential of Different Enzyme Immobilization Strategies to Improve Enzyme Performance
TL;DR: The advantages and disadvantages of the different existing immobilization strategies to solve the different aforementioned enzyme limitations are given and some advice to select the optimal strategy for each particular enzyme and process is given.
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Application of chitin- and chitosan-based materials for enzyme immobilizations: a review
TL;DR: A review of the literature on enzymes immobilized on chitin- and chitosan-based materials, covering the last decade, is presented in this paper, where one hundred fifty-eight papers on 63 immobilized enzymes for multiplicity of applications ranging from wine, sugar and fish industry, through organic compounds removal from wastewaters to sophisticated biosensors for both in situ measurements of environmental pollutants and metabolite control in artificial organs, are reviewed.