Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring cell death in higher eukaryotes
Lorenzo Galluzzi,Lorenzo Galluzzi,Lorenzo Galluzzi,Stuart A. Aaronson,John M. Abrams,Emad S. Alnemri,David W. Andrews,Eric H. Baehrecke,Nicolas G. Bazan,Mikhail V. Blagosklonny,Klas Blomgren,Klas Blomgren,Christoph Borner,Dale E. Bredesen,Dale E. Bredesen,Catherine Brenner,Maria Castedo,Maria Castedo,Maria Castedo,John A. Cidlowski,Aaron Ciechanover,Gerald M. Cohen,V De Laurenzi,R De Maria,Mohanish Deshmukh,Brian David Dynlacht,Wafik S. El-Deiry,Richard A. Flavell,Richard A. Flavell,Simone Fulda,Carmen Garrido,Carmen Garrido,Pierre Golstein,Pierre Golstein,Pierre Golstein,Marie-Lise Gougeon,Douglas R. Green,Hinrich Gronemeyer,Hinrich Gronemeyer,Hinrich Gronemeyer,György Hajnóczky,J. M. Hardwick,Michael O. Hengartner,Hidenori Ichijo,Marja Jäättelä,Oliver Kepp,Oliver Kepp,Oliver Kepp,Adi Kimchi,Daniel J. Klionsky,Richard A. Knight,Sally Kornbluth,Sharad Kumar,Beth Levine,Beth Levine,Stuart A. Lipton,Enrico Lugli,Frank Madeo,Walter Malorni,Jean-Christophe Marine,Seamus J. Martin,Jan Paul Medema,Patrick Mehlen,Patrick Mehlen,Gerry Melino,Gerry Melino,Ute M. Moll,Ute M. Moll,Eugenia Morselli,Eugenia Morselli,Eugenia Morselli,Shigekazu Nagata,Donald W. Nicholson,Pierluigi Nicotera,Gabriel Núñez,Moshe Oren,Josef M. Penninger,Shazib Pervaiz,Marcus E. Peter,Mauro Piacentini,Jochen H. M. Prehn,Hamsa Puthalakath,Gabriel A. Rabinovich,Rosario Rizzuto,Cecília M. P. Rodrigues,David C. Rubinsztein,Thomas Rudel,Luca Scorrano,Hans-Uwe Simon,Hermann Steller,Hermann Steller,J. Tschopp,Yoshihide Tsujimoto,Peter Vandenabeele,Ilio Vitale,Ilio Vitale,Ilio Vitale,Karen H. Vousden,Richard J. Youle,Junying Yuan,Boris Zhivotovsky,Guido Kroemer,Guido Kroemer,Guido Kroemer +103 more
TLDR
A nonexhaustive comparison of methods to detect cell death with apoptotic or nonapoptotic morphologies, their advantages and pitfalls is provided and the importance of performing multiple, methodologically unrelated assays to quantify dying and dead cells is emphasized.Abstract:
Cell death is essential for a plethora of physiological processes, and its deregulation characterizes numerous human diseases Thus, the in-depth investigation of cell death and its mechanisms constitutes a formidable challenge for fundamental and applied biomedical research, and has tremendous implications for the development of novel therapeutic strategies It is, therefore, of utmost importance to standardize the experimental procedures that identify dying and dead cells in cell cultures and/or in tissues, from model organisms and/or humans, in healthy and/or pathological scenarios Thus far, dozens of methods have been proposed to quantify cell death-related parameters However, no guidelines exist regarding their use and interpretation, and nobody has thoroughly annotated the experimental settings for which each of these techniques is most appropriate Here, we provide a nonexhaustive comparison of methods to detect cell death with apoptotic or nonapoptotic morphologies, their advantages and pitfalls These guidelines are intended for investigators who study cell death, as well as for reviewers who need to constructively critique scientific reports that deal with cellular demise Given the difficulties in determining the exact number of cells that have passed the point-of-no-return of the signaling cascades leading to cell death, we emphasize the importance of performing multiple, methodologically unrelated assays to quantify dying and dead cellsread more
Citations
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miR-29b is activated during neuronal maturation and targets BH3-only genes to restrict apoptosis
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A TRP Channel Senses Lysosome Neutralization by Pathogens to Trigger Their Expulsion
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AMPK activation protects cells from oxidative stress-induced senescence via autophagic flux restoration and intracellular NAD(+) elevation.
Xiaojuan Han,Haoran Tai,Xiaobo Wang,Zhe Wang,Jiao Zhou,Xiawei Wei,Yi Ding,Hui Gong,Chunfen Mo,Jie Zhang,Jianqiong Qin,Yuanji Ma,Ning Huang,Rong Xiang,Hengyi Xiao +14 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that AMPK prevents oxidative stress‐induced senescence by improving autophagic flux and NAD+ homeostasis and provides a new insight for exploring the mechanisms of aging, autophagy and NAD+, and it is valuable in the development of innovative strategies to combat aging.
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An autophagy assay reveals the ESCRT-III component CHMP2A as a regulator of phagophore closure.
Yoshinori Takahashi,Haiyan He,Zhenyuan Tang,Tatsuya Hattori,Ying Liu,Megan M. Young,Jacob M. Serfass,Longgui Chen,Melat T. Gebru,Chong Chen,Carson A. Wills,Jennifer M. Atkinson,Han Chen,Thomas Abraham,Hong Gang Wang +14 more
TL;DR: An autophagy assay is developed and a role for the endosomal sorting complexes required for transport component CHMP2A as a phagophore closure regulator is found and provides a useful tool for quantitative analysis of autophagosome biogenesis and maturation.
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Autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases: pathogenesis and therapy
TL;DR: Most recent research progress is summarized and a new perspective regarding autophagy regulation on the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases is provided and the signaling molecules in Autophagy‐related pathways as therapeutic targets for the treatment of these diseases are discussed.
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