Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring cell death in higher eukaryotes
Lorenzo Galluzzi,Lorenzo Galluzzi,Lorenzo Galluzzi,Stuart A. Aaronson,John M. Abrams,Emad S. Alnemri,David W. Andrews,Eric H. Baehrecke,Nicolas G. Bazan,Mikhail V. Blagosklonny,Klas Blomgren,Klas Blomgren,Christoph Borner,Dale E. Bredesen,Dale E. Bredesen,Catherine Brenner,Maria Castedo,Maria Castedo,Maria Castedo,John A. Cidlowski,Aaron Ciechanover,Gerald M. Cohen,V De Laurenzi,R De Maria,Mohanish Deshmukh,Brian David Dynlacht,Wafik S. El-Deiry,Richard A. Flavell,Richard A. Flavell,Simone Fulda,Carmen Garrido,Carmen Garrido,Pierre Golstein,Pierre Golstein,Pierre Golstein,Marie-Lise Gougeon,Douglas R. Green,Hinrich Gronemeyer,Hinrich Gronemeyer,Hinrich Gronemeyer,György Hajnóczky,J. M. Hardwick,Michael O. Hengartner,Hidenori Ichijo,Marja Jäättelä,Oliver Kepp,Oliver Kepp,Oliver Kepp,Adi Kimchi,Daniel J. Klionsky,Richard A. Knight,Sally Kornbluth,Sharad Kumar,Beth Levine,Beth Levine,Stuart A. Lipton,Enrico Lugli,Frank Madeo,Walter Malorni,Jean-Christophe Marine,Seamus J. Martin,Jan Paul Medema,Patrick Mehlen,Patrick Mehlen,Gerry Melino,Gerry Melino,Ute M. Moll,Ute M. Moll,Eugenia Morselli,Eugenia Morselli,Eugenia Morselli,Shigekazu Nagata,Donald W. Nicholson,Pierluigi Nicotera,Gabriel Núñez,Moshe Oren,Josef M. Penninger,Shazib Pervaiz,Marcus E. Peter,Mauro Piacentini,Jochen H. M. Prehn,Hamsa Puthalakath,Gabriel A. Rabinovich,Rosario Rizzuto,Cecília M. P. Rodrigues,David C. Rubinsztein,Thomas Rudel,Luca Scorrano,Hans-Uwe Simon,Hermann Steller,Hermann Steller,J. Tschopp,Yoshihide Tsujimoto,Peter Vandenabeele,Ilio Vitale,Ilio Vitale,Ilio Vitale,Karen H. Vousden,Richard J. Youle,Junying Yuan,Boris Zhivotovsky,Guido Kroemer,Guido Kroemer,Guido Kroemer +103 more
TLDR
A nonexhaustive comparison of methods to detect cell death with apoptotic or nonapoptotic morphologies, their advantages and pitfalls is provided and the importance of performing multiple, methodologically unrelated assays to quantify dying and dead cells is emphasized.Abstract:
Cell death is essential for a plethora of physiological processes, and its deregulation characterizes numerous human diseases Thus, the in-depth investigation of cell death and its mechanisms constitutes a formidable challenge for fundamental and applied biomedical research, and has tremendous implications for the development of novel therapeutic strategies It is, therefore, of utmost importance to standardize the experimental procedures that identify dying and dead cells in cell cultures and/or in tissues, from model organisms and/or humans, in healthy and/or pathological scenarios Thus far, dozens of methods have been proposed to quantify cell death-related parameters However, no guidelines exist regarding their use and interpretation, and nobody has thoroughly annotated the experimental settings for which each of these techniques is most appropriate Here, we provide a nonexhaustive comparison of methods to detect cell death with apoptotic or nonapoptotic morphologies, their advantages and pitfalls These guidelines are intended for investigators who study cell death, as well as for reviewers who need to constructively critique scientific reports that deal with cellular demise Given the difficulties in determining the exact number of cells that have passed the point-of-no-return of the signaling cascades leading to cell death, we emphasize the importance of performing multiple, methodologically unrelated assays to quantify dying and dead cellsread more
Citations
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Lysosomal two-pore channel subtype 2 (TPC2) regulates skeletal muscle autophagic signaling
Pei-Hui Lin,Pu Duann,Shinji Komazaki,Ki Ho Park,Haichang Li,Mingzhai Sun,Matthew Sermersheim,Kristyn Gumpper,John Parrington,Antony Galione,A. Mark Evans,Michael X. Zhu,Jianjie Ma +12 more
TL;DR: It is shown that endolysosomal two-pore channel subtype 2 (TPC2) contributes to autophagy signaling and protein homeostasis in skeletal muscle and impacts mammalian target of rapamycin reactivation during the process of Autophagy and contributes to maintenance of muscle homeostas.
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Autophagy supports generation of cells with high CD44 expression via modulation of oxidative stress and Parkin-mediated mitochondrial clearance
Kelly A. Whelan,Prasanna M. Chandramouleeswaran,Koji Tanaka,Mitsuteru Natsuizaka,Manti Guha,Satish Srinivasan,Douglas S. Darling,Yoshiaki Kita,Shoji Natsugoe,Jeffrey D. Winkler,Andres J. Klein-Szanto,Ravi K. Amaravadi,Narayan G. Avadhani,Anil K. Rustgi,Hiroshi Nakagawa +14 more
TL;DR: This is the first report to implicate mitophagy in regulation of tumour cells with high CD44 expression, representing a potential novel therapeutic avenue in cancers where EMT and CD44H cells have been implicated, including ESCC.
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Gastric epithelial cell death caused by Helicobacter suis and Helicobacter pylori γ-glutamyl transpeptidase is mainly glutathione degradation-dependent
Bram Flahou,Freddy Haesebrouck,Koen Chiers,Kim Van Deun,Lina De Smet,Bart Devreese,Isabel Vandenberghe,Herman W. Favoreel,Annemieke Smet,Frank Pasmans,Katharina D'Herde,Richard Ducatelle +11 more
TL;DR: The mechanism used by H. suis to induce gastric epithelial cell damage is unraveled and GGT‐mediated generation of pro‐oxidant glutathione degradation products brings on cell damage and causes apoptosis or necrosis, dependent on the amount of extracellular glutATHione available as a GGT substrate.
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A comparison of in vitro cytotoxicity assays in medical device regulatory studies.
Xuemei Liu,Denise P. Rodeheaver,Jeffrey Charles White,Ann Wright,Lisa M. Walker,Fan Zhang,Stephen Paul Shannon +6 more
TL;DR: The aim of this review is to compare the methodologies such as test article preparation, test conditions, and criteria for six cytotoxicity methods recommended in regulatory standards in order to inform decisions on which method(s) to select during the medical device safety evaluation.
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Dysfunctional autophagy induced by the pro-apoptotic natural compound climacostol in tumour cells
Silvia Zecchini,Francesca Proietti Serafini,Elisabetta Catalani,Matteo Giovarelli,Marco Coazzoli,Ilaria Di Renzo,Clara De Palma,Cristiana Perrotta,Emilio Clementi,Federico Buonanno,Claudio Ortenzi,Enrico Marcantoni,Anna Rita Taddei,Simona Picchietti,Anna Maria Fausto,Davide Cervia +15 more
TL;DR: It is shown that climacostol potently and selectively impairs autophagy in multiple tumour cells that are committed to die by apoptosis, suggesting the efficacy of ciliate bioactive molecules to identify novel lead compounds in drug discovery and development.
References
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