Long non-coding RNAs as targets for cytosine methylation
Thomas Amort,Marie F. Soulière,Alexandra Wille,Xi-Yu Jia,Heidi Fiegl,Hildegard Wörle,Ronald Micura,Alexandra Lusser +7 more
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TLDR
It is demonstrated for the first time that the two well-studied regulatory long non-coding RNAs HOTAIR and XIST are targets of site-specific cytosine methylation, and it is suggested that cytosin methylation may serve as a general strategy to regulate the function of longnon-c coding RNAs.Abstract:
Post-synthetic modifications of nucleic acids have long been known to affect their functional and structural properties. For instance, numerous different chemical modifications modulate the structural organization, stability or translation efficiency of tRNAs and rRNAs. In contrast, little is known about modifications of poly(A)RNAs. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that the two well-studied regulatory long non-coding RNAs HOTAIR and XIST are targets of site-specific cytosine methylation. In both XIST and HOTAIR, we found methylated cytosines located within or near functionally important regions that are known to mediate interaction with chromatin-associated protein complexes. We show that cytosine methylation in the XIST A structure strongly affects binding to the chromatin-modifying complex PRC2 in vitro. These results suggest that cytosine methylation may serve as a general strategy to regulate the function of long non-coding RNAs.read more
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Long non-coding RNAs: A new frontier in the study of human diseases
TL;DR: The rapidly advancing field of lncRNAs is reviewed and the relationship between the dysregulation of l NCRNAs and human diseases is described, highlighting the specific roles of lNCRNAs in human diseases.
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Detecting RNA modifications in the epitranscriptome: predict and validate
Mark Helm,Yuri Motorin +1 more
TL;DR: The major developments in this field are outlined through a structured discussion of detection principles, advantages and drawbacks of new high-throughput methods are laid out, and conventional biophysical identification of modifications as meaningful ways for validation are presented.
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Functions of lncRNA HOTAIR in lung cancer
TL;DR: The molecular mechanisms underlying HotaIR-mediated aggressive phenotypes of lung cancer are reviewed and HOTAIR’s potential in diagnosis and treatment of lung cancers is discussed, as well as the challenges of exploiting HOTA IR for intervention of Lung cancer.
Journal ArticleDOI
LncRNA HOTAIR: A master regulator of chromatin dynamics and cancer.
TL;DR: HX antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) is a recently discovered long non-coding RNA that plays critical role in gene regulation and chromatin dynamics, appears to be misregulated in a variety of cancers.
Journal ArticleDOI
Distinct 5-methylcytosine profiles in poly(A) RNA from mouse embryonic stem cells and brain
Thomas Amort,Dietmar Rieder,Alexandra Wille,Daria Khokhlova-Cubberley,Christian Riml,Lukas Trixl,Xi-Yu Jia,Ronald Micura,Alexandra Lusser +8 more
TL;DR: This study presents the first comprehensive picture of cytosine methylation in the epitranscriptome of pluripotent and differentiated stages in the mouse and analyses potential correlations between m5C and micro RNA target sites, binding sites of RNA binding proteins, and N6-methyladenosine.
References
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Dan Dominissini,Sharon Moshitch-Moshkovitz,Schraga Schwartz,Schraga Schwartz,Mali Salmon-Divon,Lior Ungar,Sivan Osenberg,Sivan Osenberg,Karen Cesarkas,Jasmine Jacob-Hirsch,Ninette Amariglio,Martin Kupiec,Rotem Sorek,Gideon Rechavi,Gideon Rechavi +14 more
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Marianne Frommer,Louise E. McDonald,Douglas Spencer Millar,Christina M. Collis,Fujiko Watt,Geoffrey W. Grigg,Peter L. Molloy,Cheryl L. Paul +7 more
TL;DR: A genomic sequencing method is reported that provides positive identification of 5-methylcytosine residues and yields strand-specific sequences of individual molecules in genomic DNA, which suggests that the high methylation level of single-copy sequences in sperm may be locally modulated by binding of protein factors in germ-line cells.
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Genome Regulation by Long Noncoding RNAs
John L. Rinn,Howard Y. Chang +1 more
TL;DR: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) as discussed by the authors form extensive networks of ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complexes with numerous chromatin regulators and then target these enzymatic activities to appropriate locations in the genome.
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Long Noncoding RNA as Modular Scaffold of Histone Modification Complexes
Miao-Chih Tsai,Ohad Manor,Yue Wan,Nima Mosammaparast,Jordon K. Wang,Fei Lan,Yang Shi,Eran Segal,Howard Y. Chang +8 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that lincRNAs may serve as scaffolds by providing binding surfaces to assemble select histone modification enzymes, thereby specifying the pattern of histone modifications on target genes.
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Comprehensive Analysis of mRNA Methylation Reveals Enrichment in 3′ UTRs and near Stop Codons
Kate D. Meyer,Yogesh Saletore,Paul Zumbo,Olivier Elemento,Christopher E. Mason,Samie R. Jaffrey +5 more
TL;DR: A method is presented for transcriptome-wide m(6)A localization, which combines m( 6)A-specific methylated RNA immunoprecipitation with next-generation sequencing (MeRIP-Seq) and reveals insights into the epigenetic regulation of the mammalian transcriptome.
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