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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Neurobiology of the incubation of drug craving

TLDR
Recent results that have identified important brain regions involved in the incubation of drug craving in rodents are discussed, as well as evidence for the underlying cellular mechanisms.
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This article is published in Trends in Neurosciences.The article was published on 2011-08-01 and is currently open access. It has received 550 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Craving & Methamphetamine.

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Delta opioid receptors in brain function and diseases.

TL;DR: This review focuses on facets of delta receptor activity relevant to psychiatric and other neurological disorders and considers the possibility of biased agonism at DOR for these effects, which is worthwhile further investigations to increase benefit/risk ratio of delta therapies.
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The Motivation to Self-Administer is Increased After a History of Spiking Brain Levels of Cocaine

TL;DR: The results suggest that rapid spiking of brain-cocaine levels is sufficient to increase the motivation to self-administer cocaine, and that cocaine self-administration procedures resulting in repeatedly spiking drug levels produce more robust increases in Pmax than procedures resulted in maintained high levels of cocaine.
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The Anterior Insular Cortex→Central Amygdala Glutamatergic Pathway Is Critical to Relapse after Contingency Management

TL;DR: A novel rat model is used, in which the availability of a mutually exclusive palatable food maintains prolonged voluntary abstinence from intravenous methamphetamine self-administration, to demonstrate that the activation of monosynaptic glutamatergic projections from anterior insular cortex to central amygdala is critical to relapse after the cessation of contingency management.
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The central amygdala nucleus is critical for incubation of methamphetamine craving.

TL;DR: Results indicate that the CeA has a critical role in incubation of both drug and non-drug reward craving and demonstrate an unexpected dissociation in mechanisms of incubationof methamphetamine vs cocaine craving.
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Effect of the Novel Positive Allosteric Modulator of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 2 AZD8529 on Incubation of Methamphetamine Craving After Prolonged Voluntary Abstinence in a Rat Model.

TL;DR: A novel animal model is introduced to study incubation of drug craving and cue-induced drug seeking after prolonged voluntary abstinence, mimicking the human condition of relapse after successful contingency management treatment, and positive allosteric modulators of metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 should be considered for relapse prevention.
References
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The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates

TL;DR: This paper presents a meta-analyses of the determinants of earthquake-triggered landsliding in the Czech Republic over a period of 18 months in order to establish a probabilistic framework for estimating the intensity of the earthquake.
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Neural systems of reinforcement for drug addiction: from actions to habits to compulsion

TL;DR: It is hypothesized that the change from voluntary drug use to more habitual and compulsive drug use represents a transition at the neural level from prefrontal cortical to striatal control over drug seeking and drug taking behavior as well as a progression from ventral to more dorsal domains of the striatum, involving its dopaminergic innervation.
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GDNF: a glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor for midbrain dopaminergic neurons

TL;DR: In embryonic midbrain cultures, recombinant human GDNF promoted the survival and morphological differentiation of dopaminergic neurons and increased their high-affinity dopamine uptake and did not increase total neuron or astrocyte numbers or transmitter uptake.
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Neurotrophins as synaptic modulators

TL;DR: By this account, neurotrophins may participate in activity-dependent synaptic plasticity, linking synaptic activity with long-term functional and structural modification of synaptic connections.
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The GDNF family: Signalling, biological functions and therapeutic value

TL;DR: Members of the nerve growth factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor families — comprising neurotrophins and GDNF-family ligands (GFLs) — are crucial for the development and maintenance of distinct sets of central and peripheral neurons.
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