New world bats harbor diverse influenza A viruses.
Suxiang Tong,Xueyong Zhu,Yan Li,Mang Shi,Jing Zhang,Melissa Bourgeois,Hua Yang,Xianfeng Chen,Sergio Recuenco,Jorge Gomez,Li-Mei Chen,Adam Johnson,Ying Tao,C. Dreyfus,Wenli Yu,Ryan McBride,Paul J. Carney,Amy T. Gilbert,Jessie Chang,Zhu Guo,Charles T. Davis,James C. Paulson,James Stevens,Charles E. Rupprecht,Charles E. Rupprecht,Edward C. Holmes,Edward C. Holmes,Ian A. Wilson,Ruben O. Donis +28 more
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Using consensus degenerate RT-PCR, a novel influenza A virus is identified in a flat-faced fruit bat from Peru, indicating that bats constitute a potentially important and likely ancient reservoir for a diverse pool of influenza viruses.Abstract:
Aquatic birds harbor diverse influenza A viruses and are a major viral reservoir in nature. The recent discovery of influenza viruses of a new H17N10 subtype in Central American fruit bats suggests that other New World species may similarly carry divergent influenza viruses. Using consensus degenerate RT-PCR, we identified a novel influenza A virus, designated as H18N11, in a flat-faced fruit bat (Artibeus planirostris) from Peru. Serologic studies with the recombinant H18 protein indicated that several Peruvian bat species were infected by this virus. Phylogenetic analyses demonstrate that, in some gene segments, New World bats harbor more influenza virus genetic diversity than all other mammalian and avian species combined, indicative of a long-standing host-virus association. Structural and functional analyses of the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase indicate that sialic acid is not a ligand for virus attachment nor a substrate for release, suggesting a unique mode of influenza A virus attachment and activation of membrane fusion for entry into host cells. Taken together, these findings indicate that bats constitute a potentially important and likely ancient reservoir for a diverse pool of influenza viruses.read more
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Dissertation
A qualitative study of avian influenza A H5N1 at the human-animal interface : examining constructions of risk and associated behaviours of people who work with poultry in three live bird markets in Indonesia
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine the way in which people who work with poultry in live bird markets construct risks associated with avian influenza A H5N1, as well as how these constructions of risk inform behaviours at the human-animal interface.
Journal ArticleDOI
Emerging avian influenza infections: Current understanding of innate immune response and molecular pathogenesis.
TL;DR: This review summarized the current understanding and gaps in host–pathogen interaction of avian influenza infection in birds, and discussed innate immune response against influenza infection, cytokine storm, differential host immune responses against different pathotypes, and response in different bird species.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prerequisites for the acquisition of mammalian pathogenicity by influenza A virus with a prototypic avian PB2 gene.
Chung-Young Lee,Se-Hee An,Il Hwan Kim,Du-Min Go,Dae Yong Kim,Jun-Gu Choi,Youn-Jeong Lee,Jae Hong Kim,Hyuk-Joon Kwon +8 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that key amino acid mutations of this prototypic avian PB2 increase the replication efficiency of recombinant PR8 virus carrying the mutated PB2 in both avian and mammalian hosts.
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Efficacy of a Parainfluenza Virus 5 (PIV5)-Based H7N9 Vaccine in Mice and Guinea Pigs: Antibody Titer towards HA Was Not a Good Indicator for Protection
Zhuo Li,Jon D. Gabbard,Scott Johnson,Daniel Dlugolenski,Shannon Phan,S. Mark Tompkins,Biao He +6 more
TL;DR: A H7N9 vaccine is obtained that protected both mice and guinea pigs against lethal H6N9 challenge and infection respectively and conferred protection against H7n9 infection and transmission.
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Bats and birds as viral reservoirs: A physiological and ecological perspective.
TL;DR: Convergent traits in the physiology, immunology, flight-related ecology of birds and bats that might enable these taxa to act as viral reservoirs and asymptomatic carriers are reviewed.
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