New world bats harbor diverse influenza A viruses.
Suxiang Tong,Xueyong Zhu,Yan Li,Mang Shi,Jing Zhang,Melissa Bourgeois,Hua Yang,Xianfeng Chen,Sergio Recuenco,Jorge Gomez,Li-Mei Chen,Adam Johnson,Ying Tao,C. Dreyfus,Wenli Yu,Ryan McBride,Paul J. Carney,Amy T. Gilbert,Jessie Chang,Zhu Guo,Charles T. Davis,James C. Paulson,James Stevens,Charles E. Rupprecht,Charles E. Rupprecht,Edward C. Holmes,Edward C. Holmes,Ian A. Wilson,Ruben O. Donis +28 more
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Using consensus degenerate RT-PCR, a novel influenza A virus is identified in a flat-faced fruit bat from Peru, indicating that bats constitute a potentially important and likely ancient reservoir for a diverse pool of influenza viruses.Abstract:
Aquatic birds harbor diverse influenza A viruses and are a major viral reservoir in nature. The recent discovery of influenza viruses of a new H17N10 subtype in Central American fruit bats suggests that other New World species may similarly carry divergent influenza viruses. Using consensus degenerate RT-PCR, we identified a novel influenza A virus, designated as H18N11, in a flat-faced fruit bat (Artibeus planirostris) from Peru. Serologic studies with the recombinant H18 protein indicated that several Peruvian bat species were infected by this virus. Phylogenetic analyses demonstrate that, in some gene segments, New World bats harbor more influenza virus genetic diversity than all other mammalian and avian species combined, indicative of a long-standing host-virus association. Structural and functional analyses of the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase indicate that sialic acid is not a ligand for virus attachment nor a substrate for release, suggesting a unique mode of influenza A virus attachment and activation of membrane fusion for entry into host cells. Taken together, these findings indicate that bats constitute a potentially important and likely ancient reservoir for a diverse pool of influenza viruses.read more
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Serological and virological surveillance of avian influenza virus in domestic ducks of the north-east region of Bangladesh.
TL;DR: Low pathogenic avian influenza viruses were detected from apparently healthy domestic ducks in Bangladesh in 2013 and a small proportion of domestic ducks were found seropositive to H5 AI virus.
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TL;DR: A general description on recent work regarding different host cells and molecules facilitating antiviral defenses against IAV infection and how IAVs antagonize host immune responses is presented.
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TL;DR: Comparisons across HA family members indicate that different HA subtypes might employ diverse pH sensor groups along with different fusion pathways, including fusion peptide release and interhelical loop transition, and also novel insight for anti‐flu drug development.
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TL;DR: Co-evolution analysis between the HA and NA genes based on subtype and host revealed that humans had higher cospeciation values than avian, and provided a proof of principle for the further development of vaccines according to hosts and subtypes against Influenza A virus.
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Differential Recognition of Influenza A Viruses by M158–66 Epitope-Specific CD8+ T Cells Is Determined by Extraepitopic Amino Acid Residues
Carolien E. van de Sandt,Joost H. C. M. Kreijtz,Martina M. Geelhoed-Mieras,Nella J. Nieuwkoop,Monique I. J. Spronken,David A. M. C. van de Vijver,Ron A. M. Fouchier,Albert D. M. E. Osterhaus,Guus F. Rimmelzwaan +8 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that human influenza A viruses can impair recognition by M158–66-specific CTLs while retaining the conserved amino acid sequence of the epitope, which may represent a yet-unknown immune evasion strategy for influenza A virus.
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