Journal ArticleDOI
Ontogeny and homeostasis of CNS myeloid cells.
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TLDR
Studies using cell-specific targeting, in vivo imaging, single-cell expression analysis and other sophisticated tools have increased the depth of knowledge of this immune-cell compartment and call for reevaluation of the traditional views on the origin, fate and function of distinct CNS myeloid subsets.Abstract:
Myeloid cells in the central nervous system (CNS) represent a heterogeneous class of innate immune cells that contribute to the maintenance of tissue homeostasis differentially during development and adulthood. The subsets of CNS myeloid cells identified so far, including parenchymal microglia and non-parenchymal meningeal, perivascular and choroid-plexus macrophages, as well as disease-associated monocytes, have classically been distinguished on the basis of their surface epitope expression, localization and morphology. However, studies using cell-specific targeting, in vivo imaging, single-cell expression analysis and other sophisticated tools have now increased the depth of knowledge of this immune-cell compartment and call for reevaluation of the traditional views on the origin, fate and function of distinct CNS myeloid subsets. The concepts of CNS macrophage biology that are emerging from these new insights have broad implications for the understanding and treatment of CNS diseases.read more
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A lineage of myeloid cells independent of Myb and hematopoietic stem cells
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Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of mouse and human microglia at single-cell resolution.
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Microglia Biology: One Century of Evolving Concepts.
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References
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Journal ArticleDOI
IFN Regulatory Factor 8 Is a Key Constitutive Determinant of the Morphological and Molecular Properties of Microglia in the CNS
TL;DR: It is shown IRF8 is a constitutively produced nuclear factor in resident microglia of the CNS being a crucial transcriptional determinant of the phenotype of these cells in the healthy brain.
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From the Cajal alumni Achúcarro and Río-Hortega to the rediscovery of never-resting microglia
Marie-Ève Tremblay,Cynthia Lecours,Louis Samson,Víctor Sánchez-Zafra,Amanda Sierra,Amanda Sierra +5 more
TL;DR: Structural and functional investigations of microglial morphology, dynamics, and relationships with neurons and other glial cells are experiencing a renaissance and the authors stand at the brink of discovering new roles for these unique immune cells in the healthy brain, an essential step to understand their causal relationship to diseases.
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Cerebral nitric oxide represses choroid plexus NFκB‐dependent gateway activity for leukocyte trafficking
TL;DR: C cerebral NO is identified as a negative regulator of CP gateway activity for immune cell trafficking to the CNS and is associated with excessive nitric oxide production within the central nervous system.
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Do not judge a cell by its cover--diversity of CNS resident, adjoining and infiltrating myeloid cells in inflammation
TL;DR: The current understanding of the scope of phenotypes and functions of myeloid cells involved in CNS neuroinflammation is discussed.
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Long-lasting perivascular accumulation of major histocompatibility complex class II-positive lipophages in the spinal cord of stroke patients: possible relevance for the immune privilege of the brain
TL;DR: Indirect evidence is presented that microglia may transfer myelin degradation products to the perivascular space, and the possible immunological consequences are discussed with respect to their possible relevance for antigen presentation and autoimmune central nervous system disease.