Journal ArticleDOI
Ontogeny and homeostasis of CNS myeloid cells.
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TLDR
Studies using cell-specific targeting, in vivo imaging, single-cell expression analysis and other sophisticated tools have increased the depth of knowledge of this immune-cell compartment and call for reevaluation of the traditional views on the origin, fate and function of distinct CNS myeloid subsets.Abstract:
Myeloid cells in the central nervous system (CNS) represent a heterogeneous class of innate immune cells that contribute to the maintenance of tissue homeostasis differentially during development and adulthood. The subsets of CNS myeloid cells identified so far, including parenchymal microglia and non-parenchymal meningeal, perivascular and choroid-plexus macrophages, as well as disease-associated monocytes, have classically been distinguished on the basis of their surface epitope expression, localization and morphology. However, studies using cell-specific targeting, in vivo imaging, single-cell expression analysis and other sophisticated tools have now increased the depth of knowledge of this immune-cell compartment and call for reevaluation of the traditional views on the origin, fate and function of distinct CNS myeloid subsets. The concepts of CNS macrophage biology that are emerging from these new insights have broad implications for the understanding and treatment of CNS diseases.read more
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A lineage of myeloid cells independent of Myb and hematopoietic stem cells
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References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Central nervous system perivascular cells are immunoregulatory cells that connect the CNS with the peripheral immune system.
TL;DR: Current knowledge of perivascular cells is reviewed, including anatomic location and nomenclature and putative immunoregulatory roles, and new data on the infection of these cells by SIV, their accumulation after SIV infection, and a possible role of the immune system in SIV encephalitis are discussed.
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Involvement of the choroid plexus in central nervous system inflammation.
TL;DR: Observations imply a previously unappreciated function of the choroid plexus in the immunosurveillance of the CNS.
Journal ArticleDOI
Perivascular macrophages mediate the neurovascular and cognitive dysfunction associated with hypertension
Giuseppe Faraco,Yukio Sugiyama,Diane A. Lane,Lidia Garcia-Bonilla,Haejoo Chang,Monica M Santisteban,Gianfranco Racchumi,Michelle Murphy,Nico van Rooijen,Joseph Anrather,Costantino Iadecola +10 more
TL;DR: It is reported that PVMs are critical in driving the alterations in neurovascular regulation and attendant cognitive impairment in mouse models of hypertension, and these cells are identified as a putative therapeutic target for diseases associated with cerebrovascular oxidative stress.
Journal ArticleDOI
IRF8 Is a Critical Transcription Factor for Transforming Microglia into a Reactive Phenotype
Takahiro Masuda,Makoto Tsuda,Ryohei Yoshinaga,Hidetoshi Tozaki-Saitoh,Keiko Ozato,Tomohiko Tamura,Kazuhide Inoue +6 more
TL;DR: The transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) is identified as a critical regulator of reactive microglia and provided a newly observed mechanism for microglial activation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) signaling in injured neurons facilitates protection and survival
Jian Luo,Fiona Elwood,Markus Britschgi,Saul A. Villeda,Hui Zhang,Zhaoqing Ding,Liyin Zhu,Haitham Alabsi,Ruth Getachew,Ramya Narasimhan,Rafael Wabl,Nina Fainberg,Michelle L. James,Gordon Wong,Jane K. Relton,Sanjiv S. Gambhir,Jeffrey W. Pollard,Tony Wyss-Coray,Tony Wyss-Coray +18 more
TL;DR: Colony-stimulating factor 1 and IL-34 protect against and partially reverse neurodegeneration in mice in part via promoting CREB signaling.