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Purinergic Signaling during Inflammation

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TLDR
Receptors for ATP and ADP and adenosine exert various effects and are emerging as therapeutic targets in a number of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
Abstract
Receptors for ATP and ADP and adenosine exert various effects. ATP and ADP signaling is mainly proinflammatory, and adenosine signaling is mainly antiinflammatory. Receptors for these nucleosides are emerging as therapeutic targets in a number of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.

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Applying extracellular vesicles based therapeutics in clinical trials - an ISEV position paper

Thomas Lener, +57 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarize recent developments and the current knowledge of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and discuss safety and regulatory requirements that must be considered for pharmaceutical manufacturing and clinical application.
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Adenosine receptors as drug targets — what are the challenges?

TL;DR: The biology of adenosine signalling is focused on to identify hurdles in the development of additional pharmacological compounds targeting adenoine receptors and discuss strategies to overcome these challenges.
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Nucleotide signalling during inflammation

TL;DR: Research indicates an expanding field of opportunities for specifically targeting individual P2 receptors for the treatment of inflammatory or infectious diseases.
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Early-Onset Stroke and Vasculopathy Associated with Mutations in ADA2

TL;DR: Loss-of-function mutations in CECR1 were associated with a spectrum of vascular and inflammatory phenotypes, ranging from early-onset recurrent stroke to systemic vasculopathy or vasculitis, and were prevented by coinjection with nonmutated (but not with mutated) human C ECR1.
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The ectonucleotidases CD39 and CD73: Novel checkpoint inhibitor targets.

TL;DR: Insight into potential clinical application of adenosinergic and other purinergic‐targeting therapies and forecast how these might develop in combination with other anti‐cancer modalities are provided.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

A CD4 + T-cell subset inhibits antigen-specific T-cell responses and prevents colitis

TL;DR: It is shown that chronic activation of both human and murine CD4+T cells in the presence of interleukin (IL)-10 gives rise to CD4-T-cell clones with low proliferative capacity, producing high levels ofIL-10, low levels of IL-2 and no IL-4.
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Ischemia and reperfusion—from mechanism to translation

TL;DR: Ischemia and reperfusion-elicited tissue injury contributes to morbidity and mortality in a wide range of pathologies, including myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, acute kidney injury, trauma, circulatory arrest, sickle cell disease and sleep apnea as discussed by the authors.
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Adenosine generation catalyzed by CD39 and CD73 expressed on regulatory T cells mediates immune suppression

TL;DR: It is concluded that CD39 and CD73 are surface markers of T reg cells that impart a specific biochemical signature characterized by adenosine generation that has functional relevance for cellular immunoregulation.
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Genetic Determinants of Response to Clopidogrel and Cardiovascular Events

TL;DR: Among patients with an acute myocardial infarction who were receiving clopidogrel, those carrying CYP2C19 loss-of-function alleles had a higher rate of subsequent cardiovascular events than those who were not, particularly marked among the patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.
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Hypoxia and Inflammation

TL;DR: This review deals with emerging evidence of an association between systemic or local hypoxia and inflammation in a variety of diseases and points to new ways of treating inflammatory disorders or conditions such as certain cancers with intralesional Hypoxia.
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