Journal ArticleDOI
The neurobiology of learning and memory
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TLDR
Probably applications of this new understanding of the neural bases of learning and memory range from education to the treatment of learning disabilities to the design of new artificial intelligence systems.Abstract:
Study of the neurobiology of learning and memory is in a most exciting phase. Behavioral studies in animals are characterizing the categories and properties of learning and memory; essential memory trace circuits in the brain are being defined and localized in mammalian models; work on human memory and the brain is identifying neuronal systems involved in memory; the neuronal, neurochemical, molecular, and biophysical substrates of memory are beginning to be understood in both invertebrate and vertebrate systems; and theoretical and mathematical analysis of basic associative learning and of neuronal networks in proceeding apace. Likely applications of this new understanding of the neural bases of learning and memory range from education to the treatment of learning disabilities to the design of new artificial intelligence systems.read more
Citations
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Pairing-specific long-term depression of Purkinje cell excitatory postsynaptic potentials results from a classical conditioning procedure in the rabbit cerebellar slice
TL;DR: Because of the pairing-specific nature of the long-term synaptic depression observed in these experiments, PSD provides a mechanism that may contribute to the role of the cerebellar cortex in classical conditioning and suggest that the mechanisms involved in the induction of PSD and long- term depression have a number of features in common.
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Extinction of conditioned eyelid responses requires the anterior lobe of cerebellar cortex
TL;DR: It is reported that anterior lobe damage, as indicated by disrupted response timing and confirmed by tissue analysis, produces severe deficits in conditioned response extinction and the hypothesis that eyelid conditioning can involve Plasticity in both the cerebellar cortex and interpositus nucleus and that plasticity in the nucleus is controlled by input from Purkinje cell activity in the cortex is proposed.
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Selective enhancement of emotional, but not motor, learning in monoamine oxidase A-deficient mice
Jeansok J. Kim,Jean C. Shih,Kevin Chen,Lu Chen,Shaowen Bao,Stephen Maren,Stephan G. Anagnostaras,Michael S. Fanselow,Edward De Maeyer,Isabelle Seif,Richard F. Thompson +10 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that chronic elevations of monoamines, due to a deletion of the gene encoding MAOA, lead to selective alterations in emotional behavior.
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Bilateral cerebellar lesions disrupt conditioned eyelid responses in unrestrained rats
TL;DR: The results replicate the effects of cerebellar lesions on eyelid CRs in the rabbit and suggest that the anatomical basis of eyelid conditioning in both species is similar.
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A Protein Synthesis–Dependent Late Phase of Cerebellar Long-Term Depression
TL;DR: There is a distinct late phase of cerebellar LTD that is dependent upon postsynaptic protein synthesis, and application of transcription inhibitors or of the translation inhibitor anisomycin, immediately, but not 30 min after glutamate/depolarization conjunction, attenuated a late phase in culture.
References
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Long-lasting potentiation of synaptic transmission in the dentate area of the anaesthetized rabbit following stimulation of the perforant path.
Timothy V. P. Bliss,T. Lømo +1 more
TL;DR: The after‐effects of repetitive stimulation of the perforant path fibres to the dentate area of the hippocampal formation have been examined with extracellular micro‐electrodes in rabbits anaesthetized with urethane.
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A Theory of Cerebellar Cortex
TL;DR: A detailed theory of cerebellar cortex is proposed whose consequence is that the cerebellum learns to perform motor skills and two forms of input—output relation are described, both consistent with the cortical theory.
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A Theory of Cerebellar Function
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that, in order for the learning process to be stable, pattern storage must be accomplished principally by weakening synaptic weights rather than by strengthening them.
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Habituation: A model phenomenon for the study of neuronal substrates of behavior.
TL;DR: An apparatus for cleaning and sterilizing objects, such as pharmaceutical caps, plugs and the like, includes an autoclave chamber and a cleaning device having a cleaning drum mounted for a free rotation on a frame.
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Hippocampus, space, and memory
TL;DR: It is proposed that the hippocampus is selectively involved in behaviors that require working memory, irrespective of the type of material (spatial or nonspatial) that is to be processed by that memory.