Journal ArticleDOI
The neurobiology of learning and memory
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TLDR
Probably applications of this new understanding of the neural bases of learning and memory range from education to the treatment of learning disabilities to the design of new artificial intelligence systems.Abstract:
Study of the neurobiology of learning and memory is in a most exciting phase. Behavioral studies in animals are characterizing the categories and properties of learning and memory; essential memory trace circuits in the brain are being defined and localized in mammalian models; work on human memory and the brain is identifying neuronal systems involved in memory; the neuronal, neurochemical, molecular, and biophysical substrates of memory are beginning to be understood in both invertebrate and vertebrate systems; and theoretical and mathematical analysis of basic associative learning and of neuronal networks in proceeding apace. Likely applications of this new understanding of the neural bases of learning and memory range from education to the treatment of learning disabilities to the design of new artificial intelligence systems.read more
Citations
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Musicians have enhanced subcortical auditory and audiovisual processing of speech and music
TL;DR: Watching videos of speech and music enhanced temporal and frequency encoding in the auditory brainstem, particularly in musicians, demonstrating practice-related changes in the early sensory encoding of auditory and audiovisual information.
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Synaptogenesis and Fos expression in the motor cortex of the adult rat after motor skill learning.
TL;DR: The data suggest that Fos may be involved in the biochemical processes underlying skill acquisition and that motor learning, as opposed to motor activity, leads to increases in synapse number in the motor cortex.
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Activation of a cerebellar output nucleus during cognitive processing.
TL;DR: Results provide support for the concept that the computational power of the cerebellum is applied not only to the control of movement but also to cognitive functions.
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Chronic ethanol consumption:from neuroadaptation to neurodegeneration
Fabio Fadda,Zvani L. Rossetti +1 more
TL;DR: Evidence suggests a link between the neuroadaptive mechanisms underlying the development of ethanol dependence and those underlying the functional and structural alterations induced by chronic ethanol.
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Does the nervous system use equilibrium-point control to guide single and multiple joint movements?
TL;DR: The hypothesis that the central nervous system generates movement as a shift of the limb's equilibrium posture has been corroborated experimentally in studies involving single- and multijoint motions and can now be investigated in the neurophysiological machinery of the spinal cord.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Long-lasting potentiation of synaptic transmission in the dentate area of the anaesthetized rabbit following stimulation of the perforant path.
Timothy V. P. Bliss,T. Lømo +1 more
TL;DR: The after‐effects of repetitive stimulation of the perforant path fibres to the dentate area of the hippocampal formation have been examined with extracellular micro‐electrodes in rabbits anaesthetized with urethane.
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A Theory of Cerebellar Cortex
TL;DR: A detailed theory of cerebellar cortex is proposed whose consequence is that the cerebellum learns to perform motor skills and two forms of input—output relation are described, both consistent with the cortical theory.
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A Theory of Cerebellar Function
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that, in order for the learning process to be stable, pattern storage must be accomplished principally by weakening synaptic weights rather than by strengthening them.
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Habituation: A model phenomenon for the study of neuronal substrates of behavior.
TL;DR: An apparatus for cleaning and sterilizing objects, such as pharmaceutical caps, plugs and the like, includes an autoclave chamber and a cleaning device having a cleaning drum mounted for a free rotation on a frame.
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Hippocampus, space, and memory
TL;DR: It is proposed that the hippocampus is selectively involved in behaviors that require working memory, irrespective of the type of material (spatial or nonspatial) that is to be processed by that memory.