Journal ArticleDOI
The neurobiology of learning and memory
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TLDR
Probably applications of this new understanding of the neural bases of learning and memory range from education to the treatment of learning disabilities to the design of new artificial intelligence systems.Abstract:
Study of the neurobiology of learning and memory is in a most exciting phase. Behavioral studies in animals are characterizing the categories and properties of learning and memory; essential memory trace circuits in the brain are being defined and localized in mammalian models; work on human memory and the brain is identifying neuronal systems involved in memory; the neuronal, neurochemical, molecular, and biophysical substrates of memory are beginning to be understood in both invertebrate and vertebrate systems; and theoretical and mathematical analysis of basic associative learning and of neuronal networks in proceeding apace. Likely applications of this new understanding of the neural bases of learning and memory range from education to the treatment of learning disabilities to the design of new artificial intelligence systems.read more
Citations
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Long-term depression: multiple forms and implications for brain function
Peter V. Massey,Zafar I. Bashir +1 more
TL;DR: LTD in the hippocampus and cerebellum is probably the best characterized, although there are also other brain areas where mechanisms of LTD are well understood, and where it is thought to have a functional role.
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Dendritic spines of rat cerebellar Purkinje cells: serial electron microscopy with reference to their biophysical characteristics.
Kristen M. Harris,JK Stevens +1 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that the constricted spine neck diameter might serve to isolate metabolic events in the vicinity of activated synapses by reducing diffusion to neighboring synapses, without significantly influencing the transfer of synaptic charge to the postsynaptic dendrite.
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Hippocampal system dysfunction and odor discrimination learning in rats: impairment or facilitation depending on representational demands.
TL;DR: The results support an hypothesis that the hippocampal system is critical to a memory representation based on encoding relations among multiple percepts, and other brain systems support performance adaptations based on encodings of stimuli individually.
Journal ArticleDOI
The processing of single words studied with positron emission tomography
Steven E. Petersen,Julie A. Fiez +1 more
TL;DR: This article explores how functional imaging with PET has been applied to the study of language, particularly the study Of single words (lexical processing), and selected PET studies that have addressed issues in lexical processing are presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sustained activation of hippocampal pyramidal cells by 'space clamping' in a running wheel.
TL;DR: It is hypothesize that a necessary condition for place‐specific discharge of hippocampal pyramidal cells is the presence of theta oscillation, and relevant stimuli can tonically and selectively activate hippocampusal pyramsidal cells as long as theta activity is present.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Long-lasting potentiation of synaptic transmission in the dentate area of the anaesthetized rabbit following stimulation of the perforant path.
Timothy V. P. Bliss,T. Lømo +1 more
TL;DR: The after‐effects of repetitive stimulation of the perforant path fibres to the dentate area of the hippocampal formation have been examined with extracellular micro‐electrodes in rabbits anaesthetized with urethane.
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A Theory of Cerebellar Cortex
TL;DR: A detailed theory of cerebellar cortex is proposed whose consequence is that the cerebellum learns to perform motor skills and two forms of input—output relation are described, both consistent with the cortical theory.
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A Theory of Cerebellar Function
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that, in order for the learning process to be stable, pattern storage must be accomplished principally by weakening synaptic weights rather than by strengthening them.
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Habituation: A model phenomenon for the study of neuronal substrates of behavior.
TL;DR: An apparatus for cleaning and sterilizing objects, such as pharmaceutical caps, plugs and the like, includes an autoclave chamber and a cleaning device having a cleaning drum mounted for a free rotation on a frame.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hippocampus, space, and memory
TL;DR: It is proposed that the hippocampus is selectively involved in behaviors that require working memory, irrespective of the type of material (spatial or nonspatial) that is to be processed by that memory.