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Journal ArticleDOI

The Power of Feedback

John Hattie, +1 more
- 01 Mar 2007 - 
- Vol. 77, Iss: 1, pp 81-112
TLDR
This paper provided a conceptual analysis of feedback and reviewed the evidence related to its impact on learning and achievement, and suggested ways in which feedback can be used to enhance its effectiveness in classrooms.
Abstract
Feedback is one of the most powerful influences on learning and achievement, but this impact can be either positive or negative. Its power is frequently mentioned in articles about learning and teaching, but surprisingly few recent studies have systematically investigated its meaning. This article provides a conceptual analysis of feedback and reviews the evidence related to its impact on learning and achievement. This evidence shows that although feedback is among the major influences, the type of feedback and the way it is given can be differentially effective. A model of feedback is then proposed that identifies the particular properties and circumstances that make it effective, and some typically thorny issues are discussed, including the timing of feedback and the effects of positive and negative feedback. Finally, this analysis is used to suggest ways in which feedback can be used to enhance its effectiveness in classrooms.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

Examining the Nature and Effects of Feedback Dialogue.

TL;DR: This article explored the interactional features of each dimension and their intermediary effects on students, and analyzed students' feedback dialogue excerpts as cases using interactional analysis Analysis involved iterative inductive and deductive coding, and interpretation of feedback texts generated in an online course The cognitive, social-affective and structural dimensions were interwoven within excerpts of feedback dialogue with effects on learners that extended beyond the immediate task.
Journal ArticleDOI

The influence of student characteristics on the use of adaptive e-learning material

TL;DR: Characteristics in a heterogeneous student group are determined by collecting demographic data and measuring motivation and prior knowledge and the learning paths students followed and learning strategies they used when working with adaptive e-learning material in a molecular biology course.
Journal ArticleDOI

How motivational feedback increases user's benefits and continued use: A study on gamification, quantified-self and social networking

TL;DR: Investigating how the perceived prominence of these three design classes in users’ use of information system facilitate experiences of affective, informational and social feedback as well as user’s perceived benefits from a system and their continued use intentions provides practical insights into how systems can be designed to facilitate different types of feedback that increases users' engagement, benefits and intentions to continue the use of a system.
Journal ArticleDOI

An Examination of Typical Classroom Context and Instruction for Students With and Without Behavioral Disorders

TL;DR: This paper used direction observation and coding systems to take a snapshot of how classrooms typically operate and to analyze how teacher behaviors predict student success rates in elementary and high school classrooms, where over 1000 observations were conducted during instructional contexts and the data for both teacher and student behavior summarized for analysis.
Journal ArticleDOI

Evaluation of procedure-based assessment for assessing trainees' skills in the operating theatre.

TL;DR: The aims were to evaluate the validity, reliability and acceptability of postgraduate assessment methods, including procedural‐based assessment.
References
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Book

Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior

TL;DR: This chapter discusses the development of Causality Orientations Theory, a theory of personality Influences on Motivation, and its application in information-Processing Theories.
Journal ArticleDOI

Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency

TL;DR: The centrality of the self-efficacy mechanism in human agency is discussed in this paper, where the influential role of perceived collective effi- cacy in social change is analyzed, as are the social con- ditions conducive to development of collective inefficacy.
Book

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Journal ArticleDOI

Motivation through the Design of Work: Test of a Theory.

TL;DR: In this paper, a model is proposed that specifies the conditions under which individuals will become internally motivated to perform effectively on their jobs, focusing on the interaction among three classes of variables: (a) the psychological states of employees that must be present for internally motivated work behavior to develop; (b) the characteristics of jobs that can create these psychological states; and (c) the attributes of individuals that determine how positively a person will respond to a complex and challenging job.
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