다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

2016 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure: The Task Force for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Developed with the special contribution of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC.

[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

Atherosclerosis, the principal cause of heart attack, stroke and gangrene of the extremities, is responsible for 50% of all mortality in the USA, Europe and Japan. The lesions result from an excessive, inflammatory-fibroproliferative response to various forms of insult to the endothelium and smooth muscle of the artery wall. A large number of growth factors, cytokines and vasoregulatory molecules participate in this process. Our ability to control the expression of genes encoding these molecules and to target specific cell types provides opportunities to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic agents to induce the regression of the lesions and, possibly, to prevent their formation.

The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis: a perspective for the 1990s

Background
Myocardial ischemia in the anterior wall of the left ventricule (LV) and in the inferior wall and/or right ventricle (RV) shows different manifestations that can be explained by the different innervations of cardiac afferent nerves. However, it remains unclear whether information from different areas of the heart, such as the LV and RV, are differently processed in the brain. In this study, we investigated the brain regions that process information from the LV or RV using cardiac electrical stimulation and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in anesthetized rats because the combination of these two approaches cannot be used in humans.

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Different brain activation under left and right ventricular stimulation: an fMRI study in anesthetized rats.

AimsRecent clinical studies demonstrated the association between myocardial infarction (MI) and osteoporotic fractures. We examined whether MI causes bone loss and the effects of exercise training ...

Treadmill exercise prevents reduction of bone mineral density after myocardial infarction in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice

The purpose of this study was to develop a simple prognostic model based on objective indicators alone, i.e., routine blood test data, without using any subjective variables such as patient’s symptoms and physician’s prediction. The subjects of this retrospective study were patients at the palliative care unit of Tohoku University Hospital, Japan. Eligible patients were over 20 years old and had advanced cancer (n = 225). The model for predicting survival was developed based on Cox proportional hazards regression models for univariable and multivariable analyses of 20 items selected from routine blood test data. All the analyses were performed according to the TRIPOD statement (
 https://www.tripod-statement.org/
 ). The univariable and multivariable regression analyses identified total bilirubin, creatinine, urea/creatinine ratio, aspartate aminotransferase, albumin, total leukocyte count, differential lymphocyte count, and platelet/lymphocyte ratio as significant risk factors for mortality. Based on the hazard ratios, the area under the curve for the new risk model was 0.87 for accuracy, 0.83 for sensitivity, and 0.74 for specificity. Diagnostic accuracy was higher than provided by the Palliative Prognostic Score and the Palliative Prognostic Index. The Kaplan–Meier analysis demonstrated a survival significance of classifying patients according to their score into low-, medium-, and high-mortality risk groups having median survival times of 67 days, 34 days, and 11 days, respectively (p < 0.001). We developed a simple and accurate prognostic model for predicting the survival of patients with advanced cancer based on routine blood test values alone that may be useful for appropriate advanced care planning in a palliative care setting.

Prognostic model for patients with advanced cancer using a combination of routine blood test values

Reactive oxygen species in the cardiovascular system

It remains to be determined the role of the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) system in bone metabolism. We addressed this point in mice with complete disruption of the NOS system (triply n/i/eNOS(-/-) mice) that we have recently developed, and clarified that the triply NOS( - / - ) mice manifested increased bone mineral density and accelerated bone turnover in vivo. These results provide the first direct evidence that the entire NOS system plays an important role in the regulation of bone metabolism.

Hiroaki Shimokawa

Papers

Different brain activation under left and right ventricular stimulation: an fMRI study in anesthetized rats.

Treadmill exercise prevents reduction of bone mineral density after myocardial infarction in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice

Prognostic model for patients with advanced cancer using a combination of routine blood test values

Reactive oxygen species in the cardiovascular system

Biochemical markers of bone turnover. New aspect. Nitric oxide synthase and bone metabolism