Institution
Makerere University
Education•Kampala, Uganda•
About: Makerere University is a education organization based out in Kampala, Uganda. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Public health. The organization has 7220 authors who have published 12405 publications receiving 366520 citations. The organization is also known as: Makerere University Kampala & MUK.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
••
TL;DR: National targets for 2035 are proposed for stillbirths and neonatal deaths, compatible with the under-5 mortality targets of no more than 20 per 1000 livebirths, and targets for 2030 are given.
1,361 citations
••
Harvard University1, University of Cape Town2, King's College London3, Makerere University4, Johns Hopkins University5, University of Washington6, Carter Center7, Emory University8, University of London9, University of Melbourne10, World Psychiatric Association11, Al-Quds University12, Rutgers University13, Peking University14, University of Amsterdam15, University of Health Sciences Lahore16, Dow University of Health Sciences17, University of Ibadan18, University of Liverpool19, Public Health Foundation of India20, Wellcome Trust21, University of Oxford22, Groote Schuur Hospital23, South African Medical Research Council24
1,356 citations
••
TL;DR: The rate of HIV transmission per coital act was highest during early-stage infection, which has implications for HIV prevention and for projecting the effects of antiretroviral treatment on HIV transmission.
Abstract: Background. We estimated rates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐1 transmission per coital act in HIV-discordant couples by stage of infection in the index partner. Methods. We retrospectively identified 235 monogamous, HIV-discordant couples in a Ugandan populationbased cohort. HIV transmission within pairs was confirmed by sequence analysis. Rates of transmission per coital act were estimated by the index partner’s stage of infection (recent seroconversion or prevalent or late-stage infection). The adjusted rate ratio of transmission per coital act was estimated by multivariate Poisson regression. Results. The average rate of HIV transmission was 0.0082/coital act (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.0039‐ 0.0150) within ∼2.5 months after seroconversion of the index partner; 0.0015/coital act within 6‐15 months after seroconversion of the index partner (95% CI, 0.0002‐0.0055); 0.0007/coital act (95% CI, 0.0005‐0.0010) among HIV-prevalent index partners; and 0.0028/coital act (95% CI, 0.0015‐0.0041) 6‐25 months before the death of the index partner. In adjusted models, early- and late-stage infection, higher HIV load, genital ulcer disease, and younger age of the index partner were significantly associated with higher rates of transmission. Conclusions. The rate of HIV transmission per coital act was highest during early-stage infection. This has implications for HIV prevention and for projecting the effects of antiretroviral treatment on HIV transmission. Model estimates suggest that the rate of heterosexual HIV-1 transmission per coital act follows a U-shaped curve, being highest during the postseroconversion period, lower during latency, and increasing with advancing disease [1‐4]. This is supported by findings that blood HIV load, which is higher during the postseroconversion period and during advanced disease, is the principal predictor of heterosexual transmission [5‐
1,310 citations
••
TL;DR: Higher viral load and genital ulceration are the main determinants of HIV-1 transmission per coital act in this Ugandan population.
1,221 citations
••
TL;DR: This commentary makes the argument for the necessity of a common definition of global health.
1,137 citations
Authors
Showing all 7286 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Pete Smith | 156 | 2464 | 138819 |
Joy E Lawn | 108 | 330 | 55168 |
Philip J. Rosenthal | 104 | 824 | 39175 |
William M. Lee | 101 | 464 | 46052 |
David R. Bangsberg | 97 | 463 | 39251 |
Daniel O. Stram | 95 | 445 | 35983 |
Richard W. Wrangham | 93 | 288 | 29564 |
Colin A. Chapman | 92 | 491 | 28217 |
Ronald H. Gray | 92 | 529 | 34982 |
Donald Maxwell Parkin | 87 | 259 | 71469 |
Larry B. Goldstein | 85 | 434 | 36840 |
Paul Gepts | 78 | 263 | 19745 |
Maria J. Wawer | 77 | 357 | 27375 |
Robert M. Grant | 76 | 437 | 26835 |
Jerrold J. Ellner | 76 | 347 | 17893 |