Université de Sherbrooke

About: Université de Sherbrooke is a education organization based out in Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Receptor. The organization has 14922 authors who have published 28783 publications receiving 792511 citations. The organization is also known as: Universite de Sherbrooke & Sherbrooke University.

The Corticocortical Structural Connectivity of the Human Insula

Abstract: The insula is a complex structure involved in a wide range of functions. Tracing studies on nonhuman primates reveal a wide array of cortical connections in the frontal (orbitofrontal and prefrontal cortices, cingulate areas and supplementary motor area), parietal (primary and secondary somatosensory cortices) and temporal (temporal pole, auditory, prorhinal and entorhinal cortices) lobes. However, recent human tractography studies have not observed connections between the insula and the cingulate cortices, although these structures are thought to be functionally intimately connected. In this work, we try to unravel the structural connectivity between these regions and other known functionally connected structures, benefiting from a higher number of subjects and the latest state-of-the-art high angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) tractography algorithms with anatomical priors. By performing an HARDI tractography analysis on 46 young normal adults, our study reveals a wide array of connections between the insula and the frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital lobes as well as limbic regions, with a rostro-caudal organization in line with tracing studies in macaques. Notably, we reveal for the first time in humans a clear structural connectivity between the insula and the cingulate, parahippocampal, supramarginal and angular gyri as well as the precuneus and occipital regions.

Fast CELP coding based on algebraic codes

Abstract: Code-Excited Linear Prediction (CELP) produces high quality synthetic speech at low bit rate. However the basic scheme leads to huge computational loads. The paper describes a related scheme, which allows real time implementation on current DSP chips. The very efficient search procedure in the codebook is achieved by means of a new technique called "backward filtering" and the use of algebraic codes. RSB performances are reported for a variety of conditions.

Thermal plasma processing

Abstract: A review is given of the fundamental aspects involved in material processing using thermal plasma technology. The description of plasma generating devices covers DC plasma torches, DC transferred arcs, RF inductively coupled plasma torches and hybrid combinations of them. Emphasis is given to the identification of the basic energy coupling mechanism in each case and the principal characteristics of the flow and temperature fields in the plasma. Materials processing techniques using thermal plasmas are grouped in two broad categories depending on the role played by the plasma in the process. Only typical examples are given of each type of process. These are grouped under two broad subsections dealing respectively with applications in which the plasma is used as a source of heat in high temperatures, and those in which the plasma is used as a source of chemically active species. The author also deals with plasma diagnostics and mathematical modeling and the role which they can play in the long term development of the technology. >