University of Düsseldorf

About: University of Düsseldorf is a education organization based out in Düsseldorf, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Diabetes mellitus. The organization has 25225 authors who have published 49155 publications receiving 1946434 citations.

Psychische Störungen in der Allgemeinbevölkerung

Abstract: Die „Studie zur Gesundheit Erwachsener in Deutschland“ (DEGS1) und ihr Zusatzmodul „Psychische Gesundheit“ (DEGS1-MH) erlauben erstmals seit dem 15 Jahre zuruckliegenden Bundesgesundheitssurvey (BGS98) aktuelle Abschatzungen zu Morbiditat, Einschrankungsprofilen und Inanspruchnahmeverhalten der deutschen Erwachsenen. Es werden die wichtigsten Ergebnisse zu Pravalenzen psychischer Storungen, zu damit assoziierten Beeintrachtigungen sowie zu Kontaktraten mit Gesundheitsdiensten berichtet. Der Studie liegt eine bevolkerungsreprasentative Erwachsenenstichprobe (18–79 Jahre, n = 5317) zugrunde, die uberwiegend personlich mit ausfuhrlichen klinischen Interviews (Composite International Diagnostic Interview; CIDI) untersucht wurde. Die 12-Monats-Pravalenz psychischer Storungen betragt insgesamt 27,7 %, wobei grose Unterschiede in verschiedenen Gruppen (z. B. Geschlecht, Alter, sozialer Status) zu verzeichnen sind. Psychische Storungen stellten sich als besonders beeintrachtigend heraus (erhohte Zahl an Einschrankungstagen). Weniger als die Halfte der Betroffenen berichtet, aktuell wegen psychischer Probleme in Behandlung zu stehen (10–40 % in Abhangigkeit von der Anzahl der Diagnosen). Psychische Storungen sind haufig. Die im Vergleich zu Personen ohne aktuelle psychische Diagnose deutlich erhohte Rate an Beeintrachtigungstagen signalisiert neben dem individuellen Leiden der Betroffenen eine grose gesellschaftliche Krankheitslast – auch verglichen mit vielen korperlichen Erkrankungen. Trotz des in Deutschland vergleichsweise gut ausgebauten Versorgungssystems fur psychische Storungen ist Optimierungsbedarf hinsichtlich der Behandlungsrate zu vermuten.

Impact of Dental Implant Surface Modifications on Osseointegration.

Abstract: Objective. The aim of this paper is to review different surface modifications of dental implants and their effect on osseointegration. Common marketed as well as experimental surface modifications are discussed. Discussion. The major challenge for contemporary dental implantologists is to provide oral rehabilitation to patients with healthy bone conditions asking for rapid loading protocols or to patients with quantitatively or qualitatively compromised bone. These charging conditions require advances in implant surface design. The elucidation of bone healing physiology has driven investigators to engineer implant surfaces that closely mimic natural bone characteristics. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of surface modifications that beneficially alter the topography, hydrophilicity, and outer coating of dental implants in order to enhance osseointegration in healthy as well as in compromised bone. In the first part, this paper discusses dental implants that have been successfully used for a number of years focusing on sandblasting, acid-etching, and hydrophilic surface textures. Hereafter, new techniques like Discrete Crystalline Deposition, laser ablation, and surface coatings with proteins, drugs, or growth factors are presented. Conclusion. Major advancements have been made in developing novel surfaces of dental implants. These innovations set the stage for rehabilitating patients with high success and predictable survival rates even in challenging conditions.

Value of quantitative sensory testing in neurological and pain disorders: NeuPSIG consensus.

Abstract: Quantitative sensory testing (QST) is a psychophysical method used to quantify somatosensory function in response to controlled stimuli in healthy subjects and patients. Although QST shares similarities with the quantitative assessment of hearing or vision, which is extensively used in clinical practice and research, it has not gained a large acceptance among clinicians for many reasons, and in significant part because of the lack of information about standards for performing QST, its potential utility, and interpretation of results. A consensus meeting was convened by the Neuropathic Pain Special Interest Group of the International Association for the Study of Pain (NeuPSIG) to formulate recommendations for conducting QST in clinical practice and research. Research studies have confirmed the utility of QST for the assessment and monitoring of somatosensory deficits, particularly in diabetic and small fiber neuropathies; the assessment of evoked pains (mechanical and thermal allodynia or hyperalgesia); and the diagnosis of sensory neuropathies. Promising applications include the assessment of evoked pains in large-scale clinical trials and the study of conditioned pain modulation. In clinical practice, we recommend the use QST for screening for small and large fiber neuropathies; monitoring of somatosensory deficits; and monitoring of evoked pains, allodynia, and hyperalgesia. QST is not recommended as a stand-alone test for the diagnosis of neuropathic pain. For the conduct of QST in healthy subjects and in patients, we recommend use of predefined standardized stimuli and instructions, validated algorithms of testing, and reference values corrected for anatomical site, age, and gender. Interpretation of results should always take into account the clinical context, and patients with language and cognitive difficulties, anxiety, or litigation should not be considered eligible for QST. When appropriate standards, as discussed here, are applied, QST can provide important and unique information about the functional status of somatosensory system, which would be complementary to already existing clinical methods.

Combined analysis of HPV-DNA, p16 and EGFR expression to predict prognosis in oropharyngeal cancer

Abstract: Molecular prognostic indicators for oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), including HPV-DNA detection, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and p16 expression, have been suggested in the literature, but none of these are currently used in clinical practice. To compare these predictors, 106 newly diagnosed OSCC for the presence of HPV-DNA and expression of p16 and EGFR were analyzed. The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated in relation to these markers and a multivariate Cox analysis was performed. Twenty-eight percent of the cases contained oncogenic HPV-DNA and 30% were positive for p16. The p16 expression was highly correlated with the presence of HPV-DNA (p < 0.001). Univariate analysis of the 5-year DFS revealed a significantly better outcome for patients with p16-positive tumors (84% vs. 49%, p = 0.009). EGFR-negative tumors showed a tendency toward a better prognosis in DFS (74% vs. 47%, p = 0.084) and OS (70% vs. 45%, p = 0.100). Remarkable and highly significant was the combination of p16 and EGFR expression status, leading to 5-year DFS of 93% for p16+/EGFR- tumors vs. 39% for p16-/EGFR+ tumors (p = 0.003) and to a 5-year OS of 79% vs. 38%, respectively (p = 0.010). In multivariate analysis p16 remained a highly significant prognostic marker for DFS (p = 0.030) showing a 7.5-fold increased risk for relapse in patients with p16-negative tumors. Our data indicate that p16 expression is the most reliable prognostic marker for OSCC and further might be a surrogate marker for HPV-positive OSCC. HPV+/p16+ tumors tended to have decreased EGFR expression, but using both immunohistological markers has significant prognostic implications.

The molecular genetics of hexose transport in yeasts

Abstract: Transport across the plasma membrane is the first, obligatory step of hexose utilization. In yeast cells the uptake of hexoses is mediated by a large family of related transporter proteins. In baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae the genes of 20 different hexose transporter-related proteins have been identified. Six of these transmembrane proteins mediate the metabolically relevant uptake of glucose, fructose and mannose for growth, two others catalyze the transport of only small amounts of these sugars, one protein is a galactose transporter but also able to transport glucose, two transporters act as glucose sensors, two others are involved in the pleiotropic drug resistance process, and the functions of the remaining hexose transporter-related proteins are not yet known. The catabolic hexose transporters exhibit different affinities for their substrates, and expression of their corresponding genes is controlled by the glucose sensors according to the availability of carbon sources. In contrast, milk yeast Kluyveromyces lactis contains only a few different hexose transporters. Genes of other monosaccharide transporter-related proteins have been found in fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe and in the xylose-fermenting yeast Pichia stipitis. However, the molecular genetics of hexose transport in many other yeasts remains to be established. The further characterization of this multigene family of hexose transporters should help to elucidate the role of transport in yeast sugar metabolism.