University of Jyväskylä

About: University of Jyväskylä is a education organization based out in Jyvaskyla, Finland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Context (language use). The organization has 8066 authors who have published 25168 publications receiving 725033 citations. The organization is also known as: Jyväskylän yliopisto & Kasvatusopillinen korkeakoulu.

Cortical and subcortical visual event-related potentials to oddball stimuli in rabbits.

Abstract: Event-related potentials (ERPs) to changes in the visual environment were recorded in rabbits. In the oddball condition, infrequently presented (deviant) stimuli occurred in a series of frequently presented (standard) stimuli. In the deviant-alone condition, standards were omitted. ERPs to oddball-deviants differed from those to standards in all recording sites (cerebellar cortex, visual cortex, dentate gyrus). No corresponding differences were found between ERPs to deviants in the oddball condition and those in the deviant-alone condition. However, because ERPs to deviants in the deviant-alone condition and those to standards did not differ either, ERPs to stimulus changes in the oddball condition seemed to be dependent on the presence of standards, thus representing an analogue to mismatch negativity (MMN) in humans.

Beam cooler for low-energy radioactive ions

Abstract: An ion beam cooler for mass-separated radioactive ion beams has been developed and tested at the IGISOL-type mass separator facility Technical description and characteristic properties are presented An energy spread below 1 eV and transmission efficiency of 60% were measured

Fatigue effects of marathon running on neuromuscular performance

Abstract: Nine experienced endurance runners performed individual marathon runs that involved several tests of neuromuscular performance before, during and after the marathon. The tests were performed with special force platform and dynamometer techniques. The results showed an overall decrease in performance from the marathon. The maximal sprint velocity decreased parabolically during the marathon, reaching the final value of 84% of the pre-marathon one. Similarly, the other test results after marathon indicated that maximal isometric knee extension torque was 78%, the performance in a special rebound test (drop jump) 84% and the 5-jump performance 92% of the pre-marathon values. These reductions were accompanied by alteration in the ground reaction force curves in the sprint and jump tests, suggesting reduced tolerance to stretch load as well as loss in the recoil characteristics of the muscles. Repeated strech-shortening cycle (SSC) exercises induce fatigue that is likely to affect force production both in isometric and dynamic type performances. In fact, force reduction has been demonstrated in prolonged exercises of primarily aerobic type such as 85-km skiing race (1) or marathon running (2) as well as in shorter periods of intensive repetition with the arm muscles (3). Because of the successive stretching loads, the decreased performance may result partly from alterations in stiffness regulation. Thus, repeated and fatiguing SSC efforts may modify neuromuscular behavior so that, depending on the test load, the regulation either increases the muscle stiffness or favors damping mechanisms. These changes may be specifically reflected by disturbances in the interaction person-(shoe)-surface. To investigate further the effects and adaptations induced by this type of fatigue, we examined the short-term influences of a marathon race. The run was performed individually in a research situation, simulating as closely as possible a real competitive race. The parameters covered several aspects of neuromus-cular functioning. This report deals primarily with the force production measured by the dynamom-eter and force platform techniques.

The New element 111

Abstract: The new element 111 was produced and unambiguously identified in an experiment at SHIP, GSI Darmstadt. Three nuclei of the isotope272111 were observed in irradiations of209Bi targets with64Ni projectiles of 318 MeV and 320 MeV energy. The cross-sections are (1.7 −1.4 +3.3 ) pb and (3.5 −2.3 +4.6 ) pb, respectively. The nuclei decay by a emission into the new and so far the heaviest isotopes of the elements 109 and 107 with mass numbers A=268 and A=264. Theα-decay chains were followed down to the known nuclei260105 and256Lr.

A speech-act-based office modeling approach

Abstract: In this paper methods and principles that help to analyze offices as systems of communicative action are explored. In communicative action, office agents create commitments through symbolic means. A SAMPO (Speech-Act-based office Modeling aPprOach), which studies office activities as a series of speech acts creating, maintaining, modifying, reporting, and terminating commitments, is presented. The main steps and methods in the office system specification are outlined and their application illustrated through a simple example. In the final section advantages and disadvantages in the SAMPO are noted and some research directions for the future are suggested.