University of Madras

About: University of Madras is a education organization based out in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Ring (chemistry) & Lipid peroxidation. The organization has 8496 authors who have published 11369 publications receiving 211152 citations. The organization is also known as: Madras University & University of Chennai.

Distribution and enrichment of trace metals in marine sediments of Bay of Bengal, off Ennore, south-east coast of India

Abstract: In order to avoid the pollution of trace metals in marine environment, it is necessary to establish the data and understand the mechanisms influencing the distribution of trace metals in marine environment The concentration of heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Co and Cd) were studied in sediments of Ennore shelf, to understand the metal contamination due to heavily industrialized area of Ennore, south-east coast of India Concentration of metals shows significant variability and range from 17 to 37% for Fe, 284–460 μg g−1 for Mn, 1486–2432 μg g−1 for Cr, 385–657 μg g−1 for Cu, 198–534 μg g−1 for Ni, 58–118 μg g−1 for Co, 249–40 μg g−1 for Pb, 713–201 μg g−1 for Zn and 46–75 μg g−1 for Cd For various metals the contamination factor (CF) and geoaccumulation index (I geo) has been calculated to assess the degree of pollution in sediments The geoaccumulation index shows that Cd, Cr and Cu moderately to extremely pollute the sediments This study shows that the major sources of metal contamination in the Ennore shelf are land-based anthropogenic ones, such as discharge of industrial wastewater, municipal sewage and run-off through the Ennore estuary The intermetallic relationship revealed the identical behavior of metals during its transport in the marine environment

Purification, characterization, and antifungal activity of chitinase from Fusarium chlamydosporum, a mycoparasite to groundnut rust, Puccinia arachidis.

Abstract: Chitinase (EC 3.2.1.14) was isolated from the culture filtrate of Fusarium chlamydosporum and purified by ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration. The molecular mass of purified chitinase wa...

Antitumour activity of crocetin in accordance to tumor incidence, antioxidant status, drug metabolizing enzymes and histopathological studies.

Abstract: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer related mortality worldwide. Crocetin, saffron plant derivative known to play a role in cancer chemoprevention. In the present study the effects of crocetin was tested against lung cancer-bearing mice in both pre-initiation and post-initiation periods. Healthy male Swiss albino mice (6–8 weeks old) were used throughout the study. Experiment was designed with the treatment regimen of crocetin [20 mg/kg body weight dissolved in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO)] for 4 weeks before (pre-initiation) and from 12th week after Benzo(a) pyrene B(a)p (50 mg/kg body weight) induced lung carcinoma(post-initation). The level of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and marker enzymes markedly increased in carcinogen administered animals, which was brought back to near normal by crocetin treatment. The activities of the enzymic antioxidants and glutathione metabolizing enzymes were decreased in B(a)p induced animals and increased upon drug treatment. Crocetin profoundly reverted back the pathological changes observed in cancerous animals. From the results crocetin proves to scavenge free radical and plays an important role in cellular function. Tumor incidence and histopathological studies proves crocetin is a potent antitumour agent.