Showing papers by "University of Science and Technology of China published in 2007"

Comprehensive handbook of chemical bond energies

Abstract: Introduction Experimental methods for measuring BDEs BDEs of C-H Bonds BDEs of C-C Bonds BDEs of C-halogen bonds BDEs of O-X bonds BDEs of N-X bonds BDEs of S-, Se-, Te-, and Po-X bonds BDEs of Si-, Ge-, Sn-, and Pb-X bonds BDEs of P-, As-, Sb-, and Bi-X bonds BDEs of H(H+/-)-, Li(Li+/-)-, Na(Na+/-)-, K(K+/-)-, Rb(Rb+/-)-, and Cs(Cs+/-)-X bonds BDEs of Be(Be+)-, Mg(Mg+)-, Ca(Ca+)-, Sr(Sr+)-, Ba(Ba+)-, and Ra-X bonds BDEs of Sc(Sc+)-, Y(Y+)-, La(La+)-, and Ac(Ac+)-X bonds BDEs of Ti(Ti+/-)-, Zr(Zr+)-, and Hf(Hf+)-X bonds BDEs of V(V+/-)-, Nb(Nb+)-, and Ta(Ta+)-X bonds BDEs of Cr(Cr+/-)-, Mo(Mo+/-)-, and W(W+/-)-X bonds BDEs of Mn(Mn+/-)-, Tc-, and Re(Re+)-X bonds BDEs of Fe(Fe+/-)-, Ru(Ru+)-, and Os(Os+)-X bonds BDEs of Co(Co+/-)-, Rh(Rh+)-, and Ir(Ir+)-X bonds BDEs of Ni(Ni+/-)-, Pd(Pd+/-)-, and Pt(Pt+/-)-X bonds BDEs of Cu(Cu+/-)-, Ag(Ag+/-)-, and Au(Au+/-)-X bonds BDEs of Zn(Zn+)-, Cd(Cd+)-, and Hg(Hg+)-X bonds BDEs of B(B+/-)-, Al(Al+/-)-, Ga(Ga+/-)-, In(In+/-)-, and Tl(Tl+/-)-X Bonds BDEs in the C-, Si-, Ge-, Sn-, Pb-clusters and complexes BDEs in the N-, P-, As-, Sb-, Bi-clusters and complexes BDEs in the O-, S-, -Se, and Te-clusters and complexes BDEs in the halogenated molecules, clusters, and complexes BDEs in rare gas atom/ion clusters Heats of formation of atoms, radicals, and ions References (1946 through 2006) Index of compound classes Index of compound names

Bipartite network projection and personal recommendation.

Abstract: One-mode projecting is extensively used to compress bipartite networks. Since one-mode projection is always less informative than the bipartite representation, a proper weighting method is required to better retain the original information. In this article, inspired by the network-based resource-allocation dynamics, we raise a weighting method which can be directly applied in extracting the hidden information of networks, with remarkably better performance than the widely used global ranking method as well as collaborative filtering. This work not only provides a creditable method for compressing bipartite networks, but also highlights a possible way for the better solution of a long-standing challenge in modern information science: How to do a personal recommendation.

CMS physics technical design report, volume II: Physics performance

Abstract: CMS is a general purpose experiment, designed to study the physics of pp collisions at 14 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). It currently involves more than 2000 physicists from more than 150 institutes and 37 countries. The LHC will provide extraordinary opportunities for particle physics based on its unprecedented collision energy and luminosity when it begins operation in 2007. The principal aim of this report is to present the strategy of CMS to explore the rich physics programme offered by the LHC. This volume demonstrates the physics capability of the CMS experiment. The prime goals of CMS are to explore physics at the TeV scale and to study the mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking--through the discovery of the Higgs particle or otherwise. To carry out this task, CMS must be prepared to search for new particles, such as the Higgs boson or supersymmetric partners of the Standard Model particles, from the start-up of the LHC since new physics at the TeV scale may manifest itself with modest data samples of the order of a few fb−1 or less. The analysis tools that have been developed are applied to study in great detail and with all the methodology of performing an analysis on CMS data specific benchmark processes upon which to gauge the performance of CMS. These processes cover several Higgs boson decay channels, the production and decay of new particles such as Z' and supersymmetric particles, Bs production and processes in heavy ion collisions. The simulation of these benchmark processes includes subtle effects such as possible detector miscalibration and misalignment. Besides these benchmark processes, the physics reach of CMS is studied for a large number of signatures arising in the Standard Model and also in theories beyond the Standard Model for integrated luminosities ranging from 1 fb−1 to 30 fb−1. The Standard Model processes include QCD, B-physics, diffraction, detailed studies of the top quark properties, and electroweak physics topics such as the W and Z0 boson properties. The production and decay of the Higgs particle is studied for many observable decays, and the precision with which the Higgs boson properties can be derived is determined. About ten different supersymmetry benchmark points are analysed using full simulation. The CMS discovery reach is evaluated in the SUSY parameter space covering a large variety of decay signatures. Furthermore, the discovery reach for a plethora of alternative models for new physics is explored, notably extra dimensions, new vector boson high mass states, little Higgs models, technicolour and others. Methods to discriminate between models have been investigated. This report is organized as follows. Chapter 1, the Introduction, describes the context of this document. Chapters 2-6 describe examples of full analyses, with photons, electrons, muons, jets, missing ET, B-mesons and τ's, and for quarkonia in heavy ion collisions. Chapters 7-15 describe the physics reach for Standard Model processes, Higgs discovery and searches for new physics beyond the Standard Model

Asymptotic speeds of spread and traveling waves for monotone semiflows with applications

Abstract: The theory of asymptotic speeds of spread and monotone traveling waves is established for a class of monotone discrete and continuous-time semiflows and is applied to a functional differential equation with diffusion, a time-delayed lattice population model and a reaction-diffusion equation in an infinite cylinder. c � 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Experimental entanglement of six photons in graph states

Abstract: Graph states1,2,3—multipartite entangled states that can be represented by mathematical graphs—are important resources for quantum computation4, quantum error correction3, studies of multiparticle entanglement1 and fundamental tests of non-locality5,6,7 and decoherence8. Here, we demonstrate the experimental entanglement of six photons and engineering of multiqubit graph states9,10,11. We have created two important examples of graph states, a six-photon Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger state5, the largest photonic Schrodinger cat so far, and a six-photon cluster state2, a state-of-the-art ‘one-way quantum computer’4. With small modifications, our method allows us, in principle, to create various further graph states, and therefore could open the way to experimental tests of, for example, quantum algorithms4,12 or loss- and fault-tolerant one-way quantum computation13,14.

A surface functional monomer-directing strategy for highly dense imprinting of TNT at surface of silica nanoparticles.

Abstract: This paper reports a surface functional monomer-directing strategy for the highly dense imprinting of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) molecules at the surface of silica nanoparticles. It has been demonstrated that the vinyl functional monomer layer of the silica surface can not only direct the selective occurrence of imprinting polymerization at the surface of silica through the copolymerization of vinyl end groups with functional monomers, but also drive TNT templates into the formed polymer shells through the charge-transfer complexing interactions between TNT and the functional monomer layer. The two basic processes lead to the formation of uniform core−shell TNT-imprinted nanoparticles with a controllable shell thickness and a high density of effective recognition sites. The high capacity and fast kinetics to uptake TNT molecules show that the density of effective imprinted sites in the nanoshells is nearly 5 times that of traditional imprinted particles. A critical value of shell thickness for the maximu...

LINGO-1 antagonist promotes spinal cord remyelination and axonal integrity in MOG-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

Abstract: Demyelinating diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, are characterized by the loss of the myelin sheath around neurons, owing to inflammation and gliosis in the central nervous system (CNS). Current treatments therefore target anti-inflammatory mechanisms to impede or slow disease progression. The identification of a means to enhance axon myelination would present new therapeutic approaches to inhibit and possibly reverse disease progression. Previously, LRR and Ig domain–containing, Nogo receptor–interacting protein (LINGO-1) has been identified as an in vitro and in vivo negative regulator of oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination. Here we show that loss of LINGO-1 function by Lingo1 gene knockout or by treatment with an antibody antagonist of LINGO-1 function leads to functional recovery from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. This is reflected biologically by improved axonal integrity, as confirmed by magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging, and by newly formed myelin sheaths, as determined by electron microscopy. Antagonism of LINGO-1 or its pathway is therefore a promising approach for the treatment of demyelinating diseases of the CNS.

Correlative multi-label video annotation

Abstract: Automatically annotating concepts for video is a key to semantic-level video browsing, search and navigation. The research on this topic evolved through two paradigms. The first paradigm used binary classification to detect each individual concept in a concept set. It achieved only limited success, as it did not model the inherent correlation between concepts, e.g., urban and building. The second paradigm added a second step on top of the individual concept detectors to fuse multiple concepts. However, its performance varies because the errors incurred in the first detection step can propagate to the second fusion step and therefore degrade the overall performance. To address the above issues, we propose a third paradigm which simultaneously classifies concepts and models correlations between them in a single step by using a novel Correlative Multi-Label (CML) framework. We compare the performance between our proposed approach and the state-of-the-art approaches in the first and second paradigms on the widely used TRECVID data set. We report superior performance from the proposed approach.

Size Dependence of Gas Sensitivity of ZnO Nanorods

Abstract: We report the structure, optical, and gas-sensing properties of ZnO nanorods with different diameters. Vertically well-aligned homogeneous nanorods were grown along the c-axis orientation. The shift of Raman scattering E2 (high) mode and photoluminescence (PL) spectra were used to study the dependences of nanorod diameters on the stress and oxygen vacancy. Gas sensors were prepared and tested for the detection of C2H5OH and H2S (100 ppm) in air. It was found that the thin nanorods have a significantly better sensing performance than the thick nanorods. We provide a possible explanation from the aspect of the sensing mechanism of the surface reaction process.

Larger stimuli are judged to last longer.

Abstract: Representing magnitude information in various dimensions, including space, quantity, and time, is an important function of the human brain. Many previous studies reported that numerical and spatial magnitudes could be mutually influenced through a "mental number line". In this study, we address the question of whether magnitudes in nontemporal dimensions and magnitudes in time are represented independently or not. Observers judged the duration of the stimuli while four types of nontemporal magnitude information, including number of dots, size of open squares, luminance of solid squares, and numeric value of digits, were manipulated in Stroop-like paradigms. Results revealed that stimuli with larger magnitudes in these nontemporal dimensions were judged to be temporally longer. This observation supports the idea that magnitudes in temporal and nontemporal dimensions are not independent and implies the existence of generalized and abstract components in the magnitude representations.

Transverse momentum and centrality dependence of high-pT nonphotonic electron suppression in Au+Au collisions at sNN=200GeV

Abstract: The STAR collaboration at the BNL Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) reports measurements of the inclusive yield of nonphotonic electrons, which arise dominantly from semileptonic decays of heavy flavor mesons, over a broad range of transverse momenta (1.2

CMS physics technical design report: Addendum on high density QCD with heavy ions

Abstract: This report presents the capabilities of the CMS experiment to explore the rich heavy-ion physics programme offered by the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The collisions of lead nuclei at energies , will probe quark and gluon matter at unprecedented values of energy density. The prime goal of this research is to study the fundamental theory of the strong interaction ? Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) ? in extreme conditions of temperature, density and parton momentum fraction (low-x).This report covers in detail the potential of CMS to carry out a series of representative Pb-Pb measurements. These include bulk observables, (charged hadron multiplicity, low pT inclusive hadron identified spectra and elliptic flow) which provide information on the collective properties of the system, as well as perturbative probes such as quarkonia, heavy-quarks, jets and high pT hadrons which yield tomographic information of the hottest and densest phases of the reaction.

Rapid reduction of arsenate in the medium mediated by plant roots

Abstract: Microbes detoxify arsenate by reduction and efflux of arsenite Plants have a high capacity to reduce arsenate, but arsenic efflux has not been reported Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and rice (Oryza sativa) were grown hydroponically and supplied with 10 microm arsenate or arsenite, with or without phosphate, for 1-3 d The chemical species of As in nutrient solutions, roots and xylem sap were monitored, roles of microbes and root exudates in As transformation were investigated and efflux of As species from tomato roots was determined Arsenite remained stable in the nutrient solution, whereas arsenate was rapidly reduced to arsenite Microbes and root exudates contributed little to the reduction of external arsenate Arsenite was the predominant species in roots and xylem sap Phosphate inhibited arsenate uptake and the appearance of arsenite in the nutrient solution, but the reduction was near complete in 24 h in both -P- and +P-treated tomato Phosphate had a greater effect in rice than tomato Efflux of both arsenite and arsenate was observed; the former was inhibited and the latter enhanced by the metabolic inhibitor carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone Tomato and rice roots rapidly reduce arsenate to arsenite, some of which is actively effluxed to the medium The study reveals a new aspect of As metabolism in plants

Synthesis of Well-Defined Cyclic Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) via Click Chemistry and Its Unique Thermal Phase Transition Behavior

Abstract: We report on the preparation of well-defined cyclic poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (cyclic-PNIPAM) via click chemistry and its unique thermal phase transition behavior as compared to the linear counterpart. α-Alkyne-ω-azido heterodifunctional PNIPAM precursor (linear-PNIPAM-N3) was prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of N-isopropylacrylamide in 2-propanol using propargyl 2-chloropropionate as the initiator, followed by reacting with NaN3 to transform the terminal chloride into azide group. The subsequent end-to-end intramolecular coupling reaction under high dilution and “click” conditions leads to efficient preparation of narrow-disperse cyclic-PNIPAM. Gel permeation chromatography (GPC), 1H NMR, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry all confirmed the complete transformation of linear-PNIPAM-N3 to cyclic-PNIPAM. The thermal phase transition behavior of cyclic-PNIPAM was investigated by temperature-...

Experimental long-distance decoy-state quantum key distribution based on polarization encoding.

Abstract: We demonstrate the decoy-state quantum key distribution (QKD) with one-way quantum communication in polarization space over 102 km. Further, we simplify the experimental setup and use only one detector to implement the one-way decoy-state QKD over 75 km, with the advantage to overcome the security loopholes due to the efficiency mismatch of detectors. Our experimental implementation can really offer the unconditionally secure final keys. We use 3 different intensities of 0, 0.2, and 0.6 for the light sources in our experiment. In order to eliminate the influences of polarization mode dispersion in the long-distance single-mode optical fiber, an automatic polarization compensation system is utilized to implement the active compensation.

Observation of two resonant structures in e+ e- → π+π- ψ(2S) via initial-state radiation at belle

Abstract: Reference EPFL-ARTICLE-154576doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.99.142002View record in Web of Science Record created on 2010-11-05, modified on 2017-12-10

Precise determination of the spin structure function g(1) of the proton, deuteron and neutron

Abstract: Precise measurements of the spin structure functions of the proton g1p(x,Q2) and deuteron g1d(x,Q2) are presented over the kinematic range 0.0041≤x≤0.9 and 0.18 GeV2≤Q2≤20 GeV2. The data were collected at the HERMES experiment at DESY, in deep-inelastic scattering of 27.6 GeV longitudinally polarized positrons off longitudinally polarized hydrogen and deuterium gas targets internal to the HERA storage ring. The neutron spin structure function g1n is extracted by combining proton and deuteron data. The integrals of g1p,d at Q2=5 GeV2 are evaluated over the measured x range. Neglecting any possible contribution to the g1d integral from the region x≤0.021, a value of 0.330±0.011(theo)±0.025(exp)±0.028(evol) is obtained for the flavor-singlet axial charge a0 in a leading-twist next-to-next-to-leading-order analysis.