Institution
Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics
Facility•Oxford, United Kingdom•
About: Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics is a facility organization based out in Oxford, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Genome-wide association study. The organization has 2122 authors who have published 4269 publications receiving 433899 citations.
Topics: Population, Genome-wide association study, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Gene, Locus (genetics)
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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National Institutes of Health1, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich2, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics3, St George's, University of London4, French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission5, Ruhr University Bochum6, University of Cologne7, Boston Children's Hospital8, Dresden University of Technology9, University of Ulm10
TL;DR: The results indicate that genetic variants regulating ORMDL3 expression are determinants of susceptibility to childhood asthma.
Abstract: Rates of childhood asthma diagnosis are rising: 6% of children in the United States are sufferers. Both genetic and environmental factors are clearly important. To discover more about the genetic element, Moffatt et al. looked for genes linked to asthma in a genome-wide association scan. More than a third of children with asthma of onset below the age of seven showed variations in expression of the ORMDL3 gene on chromosome 17. Similar genes are found in yeast and other primitive organisms, suggesting that they may be components of an ancient and conserved immune mechanism. Variations in expression of the gene ORMDL3 were found to be associated with development of childhood asthma, suggesting this gene should be examined in more patient groups. Asthma is caused by a combination of poorly understood genetic and environmental factors1,2. We have systematically mapped the effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the presence of childhood onset asthma by genome-wide association. We characterized more than 317,000 SNPs in DNA from 994 patients with childhood onset asthma and 1,243 non-asthmatics, using family and case-referent panels. Here we show multiple markers on chromosome 17q21 to be strongly and reproducibly associated with childhood onset asthma in family and case-referent panels with a combined P value of P < 10-12. In independent replication studies the 17q21 locus showed strong association with diagnosis of childhood asthma in 2,320 subjects from a cohort of German children (P = 0.0003) and in 3,301 subjects from the British 1958 Birth Cohort (P = 0.0005). We systematically evaluated the relationships between markers of the 17q21 locus and transcript levels of genes in Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines from children in the asthma family panel used in our association study. The SNPs associated with childhood asthma were consistently and strongly associated (P < 10-22) in cis with transcript levels of ORMDL3, a member of a gene family that encodes transmembrane proteins anchored in the endoplasmic reticulum3. The results indicate that genetic variants regulating ORMDL3 expression are determinants of susceptibility to childhood asthma.
1,515 citations
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TL;DR: These sequences provide a starting point for a new era in the functional analysis of a key model organism and show that the molecular nature of functional variants and their position relative to genes vary according to the effect size of the locus.
Abstract: We report genome sequences of 17 inbred strains of laboratory mice and identify almost ten times more variants than previously known. We use these genomes to explore the phylogenetic history of the laboratory mouse and to examine the functional consequences of allele-specific variation on transcript abundance, revealing that at least 12% of transcripts show a significant tissue-specific expression bias. By identifying candidate functional variants at 718 quantitative trait loci we show that the molecular nature of functional variants and their position relative to genes vary according to the effect size of the locus. These sequences provide a starting point for a new era in the functional analysis of a key model organism.
1,453 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compile the largest contemporary database for both species and pair it with relevant environmental variables predicting their global distribution, showing Aedes distributions to be the widest ever recorded; now extensive in all continents, including North America and Europe.
Abstract: Dengue and chikungunya are increasing global public health concerns due to their rapid geographical spread and increasing disease burden. Knowledge of the contemporary distribution of their shared vectors, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus remains incomplete and is complicated by an ongoing range expansion fuelled by increased global trade and travel. Mapping the global distribution of these vectors and the geographical determinants of their ranges is essential for public health planning. Here we compile the largest contemporary database for both species and pair it with relevant environmental variables predicting their global distribution. We show Aedes distributions to be the widest ever recorded; now extensive in all continents, including North America and Europe. These maps will help define the spatial limits of current autochthonous transmission of dengue and chikungunya viruses. It is only with this kind of rigorous entomological baseline that we can hope to project future health impacts of these viruses.
1,416 citations
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Harvard University1, McGill University2, University of Washington3, Erasmus University Rotterdam4, UCL Institute of Child Health5, University of Helsinki6, University of Cambridge7, Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis8, National Institutes of Health9, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute10, Imperial College London11, Wake Forest University12, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics13, Churchill Hospital14, University of Oxford15, Tufts University16, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center17, Agency for Science, Technology and Research18, University of Miami19, Health Canada20, Public Health Agency of Canada21, University College London22, University of Aberdeen23, Broad Institute24, University of Pittsburgh25, Boston University26, King's College London27, University of Oulu28, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health29
TL;DR: In this article, a genome-wide association study of 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in 33,996 individuals of European descent from 15 cohorts was conducted to identify common genetic variants affecting vitamin D concentrations and risk of insufficiency.
1,381 citations
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TL;DR: It is shown that human FOXP2 contains changes in amino-acid coding and a pattern of nucleotide polymorphism, which strongly suggest that this gene has been the target of selection during recent human evolution.
Abstract: Language is a uniquely human trait likely to have been a prerequisite for the development of human culture. The ability to develop articulate speech relies on capabilities, such as fine control of the larynx and mouth, that are absent in chimpanzees and other great apes. FOXP2 is the first gene relevant to the human ability to develop language. A point mutation in FOXP2 co-segregates with a disorder in a family in which half of the members have severe articulation difficulties accompanied by linguistic and grammatical impairment. This gene is disrupted by translocation in an unrelated individual who has a similar disorder. Thus, two functional copies of FOXP2 seem to be required for acquisition of normal spoken language. We sequenced the complementary DNAs that encode the FOXP2 protein in the chimpanzee, gorilla, orang-utan, rhesus macaque and mouse, and compared them with the human cDNA. We also investigated intraspecific variation of the human FOXP2 gene. Here we show that human FOXP2 contains changes in amino-acid coding and a pattern of nucleotide polymorphism, which strongly suggest that this gene has been the target of selection during recent human evolution.
1,328 citations
Authors
Showing all 2127 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Mark I. McCarthy | 200 | 1028 | 187898 |
John P. A. Ioannidis | 185 | 1311 | 193612 |
Gonçalo R. Abecasis | 179 | 595 | 230323 |
Simon I. Hay | 165 | 557 | 153307 |
Robert Plomin | 151 | 1104 | 88588 |
Ashok Kumar | 151 | 5654 | 164086 |
Julian Parkhill | 149 | 759 | 104736 |
James F. Wilson | 146 | 677 | 101883 |
Jeremy K. Nicholson | 141 | 773 | 80275 |
Hugh Watkins | 128 | 524 | 91317 |
Erik Ingelsson | 124 | 538 | 85407 |
Claudia Langenberg | 124 | 452 | 67326 |
Adrian V. S. Hill | 122 | 589 | 64613 |
John A. Todd | 121 | 515 | 67413 |
Elaine Holmes | 119 | 560 | 58975 |