Yonsei University

About: Yonsei University is a education organization based out in Seoul, South Korea. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 50162 authors who have published 106172 publications receiving 2279044 citations. The organization is also known as: Yonsei.

Atherosclerosis in rheumatoid arthritis: morphologic evidence obtained by carotid ultrasound.

Abstract: Objective Recent studies have suggested increased cardiovascular disease among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We undertook this study to obtain morphologic evidence of subclinical atherosclerosis in RA patients. Methods We used high-resolution B-mode ultrasound to compare carotid artery intima-media wall thickness (IMT) between 53 postmenopausal women with RA and 53 controls matched by age, sex, and menopause status. No subject in either group had a history of atherosclerosis or its complications. We investigated the association between IMT and relevant clinical and therapeutic variables, including the impact of low-dose corticosteroid therapy (≤10 mg/day prednisolone). Results The mean ± SD IMT of the left and right common carotid arteries in RA patients was significantly greater than that in controls (0.77 ± 0.09 mm versus 0.68 ± 0.14 mm; P < 0.001). Early RA (duration ≤1 year) was associated with lesser IMT than was RA of longer duration (0.72 ± 0.03 mm versus 0.78 ± 0.01 mm; P < 0.04). Prednisolone use was not associated with increased IMT (0.78 ± 0.02 mm in nonusers versus 0.76 ± 0.01 mm in users; P = 0.38). Conclusion Our data indicate that RA patients have an ultrasonic marker of early atherosclerosis consistent with an increased risk for atherosclerosis.

Coffee Consumption and Serum Lipids: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials

Abstract: Coffee drinking has been associated with increased serum cholesterol levels in some, but not all, studies. A Medline search of the English-language literature published prior to December 1998, a bibliography review, and consultations with experts were performed to identify 14 published trials of coffee consumption. Information was abstracted independently by two reviewers using a standardized protocol. With a random-effects model, treatment effects were estimated by pooling results from individual trials after weighting the results by the inverse of total variance. A dose-response relation between coffee consumption and both total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol was identified (p < 0.01). Increases in serum lipids were greater in studies of patients with hyperlipidemia and in trials of caffeinated or boiled coffee. Trials using filtered coffee demonstrated very little increase in serum cholesterol. Consumption of unfiltered, but not filtered, coffee increases serum levels of total and LDL cholesterol.

Quadrupole anisotropy in dihadron azimuthal correlations in central d+Au collisions at √sNN=200 GeV

Abstract: The PHENIX collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) reports measurements of azimuthal dihadron correlations near midrapidity in d + Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV. These measurements complement recent analyses by experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) involving central p + Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 5.02 TeV, which have indicated strong anisotropic long-range correlations in angular distributions of hadron pairs. The origin of these anisotropies is currently unknown. Various competing explanations include parton saturation and hydrodynamic flow. We observe qualitatively similar, but larger, anisotropies in d + Au collisions at RHIC compared to those seen in p + Pb collisions at the LHC. The larger extracted upsilon(2) values in d + Au are consistent with expectations from hydrodynamic calculations owing to the larger expected initial-state eccentricity compared with that from p + Pb collisions. When both are divided by an estimate of the initial-state eccentricity the scaled anisotropies follow a common trend with multiplicity that may extend to heavy ion data at RHIC and the LHC, where the anisotropies are widely thought to arise from hydrodynamic flow.

Micropatterned Pyramidal Ionic Gels for Sensing Broad-Range Pressures with High Sensitivity

Abstract: The development of pressure sensors that are effective over a broad range of pressures is crucial for the future development of electronic skin applicable to the detection of a wide pressure range from acoustic wave to dynamic human motion. Here, we present flexible capacitive pressure sensors that incorporate micropatterned pyramidal ionic gels to enable ultrasensitive pressure detection. Our devices show superior pressure-sensing performance, with a broad sensing range from a few pascals up to 50 kPa, with fast response times of <20 ms and a low operating voltage of 0.25 V. Since high-dielectric-constant ionic gels were employed as constituent sensing materials, an unprecedented sensitivity of 41 kPa–1 in the low-pressure regime of <400 Pa could be realized in the context of a metal–insulator–metal platform. This broad-range capacitive pressure sensor allows for the efficient detection of pressure from a variety of sources, including sound waves, a lightweight object, jugular venous pulses, radial arter...

Structure-function relationship and diagnostic value of macular ganglion cell complex measurement using Fourier-domain OCT in glaucoma

Abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the relationship between visual function and macular ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness measured by Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and to evaluate the diagnostic value of GCC thickness for detecting early, moderate, and severe glaucoma. METHODS: Participants underwent reliable standard automated perimetry testing and OCT imaging with optic nerve head (ONH) mode and GCC mode within a single day. The relationship between structure and function was evaluated by comparing GCC thickness with mean deviation (MD) and visual field index (VFI), by regression analysis. The results were compared with those obtained for retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to determine the relationship between disease severity and glaucomatous changes in RNFL and GCC parameters. RESULTS: One hundred three normal control subjects and 138 patients with glaucoma were included in the present study. Compared with linear models, second-order polynomial models better described the relationships between GCC thickness and MD (P<0.001), and between GCC thickness and VFI (P<0.001). A GCC pattern parameter, global loss volume (GLV), had the highest AUC for detecting early glaucoma. The AUC of mean GCC thickness for early glaucoma was higher than that of mean RNFL; however, the difference was not significant (P=0.330). CONCLUSIONS: A curvilinear function best described the relationship between VF sensitivity and GCC thickness. Macular GCC thickness and RNFL thickness showed similar diagnostic performance for detecting early, moderate, and severe glaucoma.