Yonsei University

About: Yonsei University is a education organization based out in Seoul, South Korea. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 50162 authors who have published 106172 publications receiving 2279044 citations. The organization is also known as: Yonsei.

Structure–property relationships of porous materials for carbon dioxide separation and capture

Abstract: There is an urgent need to identify porous materials that can efficiently separate CO2 from mixtures of gases, such as the exhaust of fossil-fuel-based power plants and from impure sources of CH4 (e.g., natural gas and landfill gas). Recently, researchers have investigated collections of porous metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with the intent of finding correlations between CO2 separation ability and various material properties. However, due to the limited size of the collections, no clear correlations were found for material properties such as pore size, surface area, and pore volume, leaving researchers with little guidance in the design of new materials. In this work we drastically expand the scope of previous studies to include over 130000 hypothetical MOFs, using molecular simulation to generate the adsorption properties. The resulting data exhibit sharply defined structure–property relationships that were not apparent when smaller collections of MOFs were considered. We show clear correlations between purely structural characteristics (e.g., pore size, surface area, and pore volume), as well as chemical characteristics (i.e., functional groups), with five adsorbent evaluation criteria taken from the engineering literature. These reported structure–property relationships can serve as a map for experimental synthesis going forward.

A Study of the Preparation of NiO x Electrode via Electrochemical Route for Supercapacitor Applications and Their Charge Storage Mechanism

Abstract: NiO x thin film electrodes were prepared for use in a supercapacitor by electrochemical precipitation of Ni(OH) 2 films followed by heat-treatment. The effect of electrodeposition conditions such as cathodic current density and concentration of Ni(NO 3 ) 2 solution on the surface morphology of NiO x were examined and found to have a significant effect on the surface morphology of the deposited films. The surface morphology of the NiO x films changed from dense to porous morphology with an increase in the deposition rate of Ni(OH) 2 films. A maximum specific capacitance of 277 F/g was obtained for a highly porous NiO x film electrode prepared by heating the Ni(OH) 2 film deposited at 4.0 mA/cm 2 in 0.1 M Ni(NO 3 ) 2 at 300°C. The charge-storage mechanism of NiO x in 1 M KOH was investigated using an electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) and probe beam deflection (PBD) technique. Nonmonotonic mass change was observed during redox reactions of the nickel oxide film in I M KOH. Analysis of the EQCM and PBD results showed that the electrochemical redox reaction of the NiO x is not a simple OH adsorption/desorption reaction hut rather composed of predominant H + desorption in the initial stage of oxidation and thereafter predominant OH adsorption in the latter stage of oxidation and vice versa during reduction.

Efficacy of the MAGE-A3 cancer immunotherapeutic as adjuvant therapy in patients with resected MAGE-A3-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (MAGRIT): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial

Abstract: Summary Background Fewer than half of the patients with completely resected non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are cured. Since the introduction of adjuvant chemotherapy in 2004, no substantial progress has been made in adjuvant treatment. We aimed to assess the efficacy of the MAGE-A3 cancer immunotherapeutic in surgically resected NSCLC. Methods In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we recruited patients aged at least 18 years with completely resected stage IB, II, and IIIA MAGE-A3-positive NSCLC who did or did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy from 443 centres in 34 countries (Europe, the Americas, and Asia Pacific). Patients were randomly assigned (2:1) to receive 13 intramuscular injections of recMAGE-A3 with AS15 immunostimulant (MAGE-A3 immunotherapeutic) or placebo during 27 months. Randomisation and treatment allocation at the investigator site was done centrally via internet with stratification for chemotherapy versus no chemotherapy. Participants, investigators, and those assessing outcomes were masked to group assignment. A minimisation algorithm accounted for the number of chemotherapy cycles received, disease stage, lymph node sampling procedure, performance status score, and lifetime smoking status. The primary endpoint was broken up into three co-primary objectives: disease-free survival in the overall population, the no-chemotherapy population, and patients with a potentially predictive gene signature. The final analyses included the total treated population (all patients who had received at least one treatment dose). This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00480025. Findings Between Oct 18, 2007, and July 17, 2012, we screened 13 849 patients for MAGE-A3 expression; 12 820 had a valid sample and of these, 4210 (33%) had a MAGE-A3-positive tumour. 2312 of these patients met all eligibility criteria and were randomly assigned to treatment: 1515 received MAGE-A3 and 757 received placebo and 40 were randomly assigned but never started treatment. 784 patients in the MAGE-A3 group also received chemotherapy, as did 392 in the placebo group. Median follow-up was 38·1 months (IQR 27·9–48·4) in the MAGE-A3 group and 39·5 months (27·9–50·4) in the placebo group. In the overall population, median disease-free survival was 60·5 months (95% CI 57·2–not reached) for the MAGE-A3 immunotherapeutic group and 57·9 months (55·7–not reached) for the placebo group (hazard ratio [HR] 1·02, 95% CI 0·89–1·18; p=0·74). Of the patients who did not receive chemotherapy, median disease-free survival was 58·0 months (95% CI 56·6–not reached) in those in the MAGE-A3 group and 56·9 months (44·4–not reached) in the placebo group (HR 0·97, 95% CI 0·80–1·18; p=0·76). Because of the absence of treatment effect, we could not identify a gene signature predictive of clinical benefit to MAGE-A3 immunotherapeutic. The frequency of grade 3 or worse adverse events was similar between treatment groups (246 [16%] of 1515 patients in the MAGE-A3 group and 122 [16%] of 757 in the placebo group). The most frequently reported grade 3 or higher adverse events were infections and infestations (37 [2%] in the MAGE-A3 group and 19 [3%] in the placebo group), vascular disorders (30 [2%] vs 17 [3%]), and neoplasm (benign, malignant, and unspecified (29 [2%] vs 16 [2%]). Interpretation Adjuvant treatment with the MAGE-A3 immunotherapeutic did not increase disease-free survival compared with placebo in patients with MAGE-A3-positive surgically resected NSCLC. Based on our results, further development of the MAGE-A3 immunotherapeutic for use in NSCLC has been stopped. Funding GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals SA.

High-level feature representation using recurrent neural network for speech emotion recognition.

Abstract: This paper presents a speech emotion recognition system using a recurrent neural network (RNN) model trained by an efficient learning algorithm The proposed system takes into account the long-range context effect and the uncertainty of emotional label expressions To extract high-level representation of emotional states with regard to its temporal dynamics, a powerful learning method with a bidirectional long short-term memory (BLSTM) model is adopted To overcome the uncertainty of emotional labels, such that all frames in the same utterance are mapped into the same emotional label, it is assumed that the label of each frame is regarded as a sequence of random variables Then, the sequences are trained by the proposed learning algorithm The weighted accuracy of the proposed emotion recognition system is improved up to 12% compared to the DNN-ELM based emotion recognition system used as a baseline

Vitamin D Insufficiency in Korea—A Greater Threat to Younger Generation: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2008

Abstract: Vitamin D insufficiency is a very common affliction, and it is now a greater threat to younger generations in Korea.