Journal ArticleDOI
‘Breathing’ of the terrestrial biosphere: lessons learned from a global network of carbon dioxide flux measurement systems
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TLDR
Key findings reported include: ecosystems with the greatest net carbon uptake have the longest growing season, not the greatest FA; many old-growth forests act as carbon sinks; and year-to-year decreases in FN are attributed to a suite of stresses that decrease FA and FR in tandem.Abstract:
Published eddy covariance measurements of carbon dioxide (CO2) exchange between vegetation and the atmosphere from a global network are distilled, synthesised and reviewed according to time scale, climate and plant functional types, disturbance and land use. Other topics discussed include history of the network, errors and issues associated with the eddy covariance method, and a synopsis of how these data are being used by ecosystem and climate modellers and the remote-sensing community. Spatial and temporal differences in net annual exchange, FN, result from imbalances in canopy photosynthesis (FA) and ecosystem respiration (FR), which scale closely with one another on annual time scales. Key findings reported include the following: (1) ecosystems with the greatest net carbon uptake have the longest growing season, not the greatest FA; (2) ecosystems losing carbon were recently disturbed; (3) many old-growth forests act as carbon sinks; and (4) year-to-year decreases in FN are attributed to a suite of stresses that decrease FA and FR in tandem. Short-term flux measurements revealed emergent-scale processes including (1) the enhancement of light use efficiency by diffuse light, (2) dynamic pulses in FR following rain and (3) the acclimation FA and FR to temperature. They also quantify how FA and FR respond to droughts and heat spells.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Geographical statistical assessments of carbon fluxes in terrestrial ecosystems of China: Results from upscaling network observations
Xianjin Zhu,Guirui Yu,Honglin He,Qiufeng Wang,Zhi Chen,Yanni Gao,Yiping Zhang,Junhui Zhang,Junhua Yan,Huimin Wang,Guangsheng Zhou,Bing-Rui Jia,Wenhua Xiang,Yingnian Li,Liang Zhao,Yanfen Wang,Peili Shi,Shiping Chen,Xiaoping Xin,Fenghua Zhao,Yu-Ying Wang,Cheng-Li Tong,Yu-Ling Fu,Xuefa Wen,Yingchun Liu,Leiming Zhang,Li Zhang,Wen Su,Shenggong Li,Xiaomin Sun +29 more
TL;DR: Based on spatial patterns of carbon fluxes (GEP), ecosystem respiration (ER) and net ecosystem productivity (NEP)) and their drivers, Wang et al. as discussed by the authors constructed geographical statistical assessment schemes and quantified the magnitudes of CO2 fluxes in China.
Journal ArticleDOI
Assessing Performance of NDVI and NDVI3g in Monitoring Leaf Unfolding Dates of the Deciduous Broadleaf Forest in Northern China
TL;DR: Generally speaking, SOS3g is more consistent and accurate than SOS in capturing BGS, which suggests that NDVI3g data might be more sensitive than NDVI data in monitoring vegetation leaf unfolding.
Journal ArticleDOI
Primary and secondary effects of climate variability on net ecosystem carbon exchange in an evergreen Eucalyptus forest
Eva van Gorsel,J.A.J. Berni,Peter R. Briggs,Arancha Cabello-Leblic,Laura Chasmer,Helen A. Cleugh,Jorg M. Hacker,Stijn Hantson,Vanessa Haverd,D. Hughes,C. Hopkinson,Heather Keith,Natascha Kljun,Ray Leuning,Marta Yebra,Steve Zegelin +15 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed and related to climate drivers on time scales ranging from hours to years and found that incoming shortwave radiation is the major meteorological driver of net ecosystem carbon exchange.
Journal ArticleDOI
Joint assimilation of eddy covariance flux measurements and FAPAR products over temperate forests within a process-oriented biosphere model
Cédric Bacour,Philippe Peylin,Natasha MacBean,Peter Rayner,Peter Rayner,François Delage,François Delage,Frédéric Chevallier,Marie Weiss,Jérôme Demarty,Jérôme Demarty,Diego Santaren,Diego Santaren,Frédéric Baret,Daniel Berveiller,Eric Dufrêne,Pascal Prunet +16 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigate the benefits of assimilating in situ and satellite data of the fraction of photosynthetically active radiation (FAPAR) relative to eddy covariance flux measurements for the optimization of parameters of the ORCHIDEE (Organizing Carbon and Hydrology in Dynamic Ecosystem) biosphere model.
Journal ArticleDOI
Variability of CO2 concentrations and fluxes in and above an urban street canyon
Björn Lietzke,Roland Vogt +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, measurements were conducted in a street canyon in the city of Basel, Switzerland in 2010, where CO2 fluxes were sampled at the top of the canyon (19m) and at 39m while vertical CO2 concentration profiles were measured in the center and at a wall of a canyon.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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Journal ArticleDOI
Correction of flux measurements for density effects due to heat and water vapour transfer
TL;DR: In this article, the basic relationships are discussed in the context of vertical transfer in the lower atmosphere, and the required corrections to the measured flux are derived, where the correction to measurements of water vapour flux will often be only a few per cent but will sometimes exceed 10 percent.
Journal ArticleDOI
Aerosols, climate, and the hydrological cycle
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Journal ArticleDOI
Europe-wide reduction in primary productivity caused by the heat and drought in 2003
Philippe Ciais,Markus Reichstein,Nicolas Viovy,A. Granier,Jérôme Ogée,Vincent Allard,M. Aubinet,Nina Buchmann,C. Bernhofer,Arnaud Carrara,Frédéric Chevallier,N. de Noblet,Andrew D. Friend,Pierre Friedlingstein,Thomas Grünwald,Bernard Heinesch,Petri Keronen,Alexander Knohl,Gerhard Krinner,Denis Loustau,Giovanni Manca,Giorgio Matteucci,Franco Miglietta,Jean-Marc Ourcival,Dario Papale,Kim Pilegaard,Serge Rambal,G. Seufert,Jean-François Soussana,María José Sanz,Ernst Detlef Schulze,Timo Vesala,Riccardo Valentini +32 more
TL;DR: An increase in future drought events could turn temperate ecosystems into carbon sources, contributing to positive carbon-climate feedbacks already anticipated in the tropics and at high latitudes.
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