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Carbon Materials for Chemical Capacitive Energy Storage

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TLDR
In order to further improve the power and energy densities of the capacitors, carbon-based composites combining electrical double layer capacitors (EDLC)-capacitance and pseudo-Capacitance have been explored and show not only enhanced capacitance, but as well good cyclability.
Abstract
Carbon materials have attracted intense interests as electrode materials for electrochemical capacitors, because of their high surface area, electrical conductivity, chemical stability and low cost. Activated carbons produced by different activation processes from various precursors are the most widely used electrodes. Recently, with the rapid growth of nanotechnology, nanostructured electrode materials, such as carbon nanotubes and template-synthesized porous carbons have been developed. Their unique electrical properties and well controlled pore sizes and structures facilitate fast ion and electron transportation. In order to further improve the power and energy densities of the capacitors, carbon-based composites combining electrical double layer capacitors (EDLC)-capacitance and pseudo-capacitance have been explored. They show not only enhanced capacitance, but as well good cyclability. In this review, recent progresses on carbon-based electrode materials are summarized, including activated carbons, carbon nanotubes, and template-synthesized porous carbons, in particular mesoporous carbons. Their advantages and disadvantages as electrochemical capacitors are discussed. At the end of this review, the future trends of electrochemical capacitors with high energy and power are proposed.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

Synthesis of 2D-Mesoporous-Carbon/MoS2 Heterostructures with Well-Defined Interfaces for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries.

TL;DR: A sandwich-like 2D-mesoporous-carbon/MoS2 -nanosheet heterostructure is fabricated for the first time and exhibits excellent electrochemical performance as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries.
Journal ArticleDOI

Sol-gel synthesis of monolithic materials with hierarchical porosity.

TL;DR: In this review the focus is on sol-gel processing of inorganic and organic precursors with concurrently occurring microscopic and/or macroscopic phase separation for the formation of self-supporting monoliths.
Journal ArticleDOI

Biomass derived carbon as binder-free electrode materials for supercapacitors

TL;DR: In this article, the progress in renewable resources based free-standing electrode materials on the application of supercapacitors is reviewed and the methodologies on enhancement of the electrochemical performance and obtaining self-supported carbon materials are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI

A High Performance Stretchable Asymmetric Fiber‐Shaped Supercapacitor with a Core‐Sheath Helical Structure

TL;DR: In this article, a core-sheath asymmetric supercapacitors is made by wrapping gel electrolyte coated carbon nanotube (CNT)@MnO2 core fiber with CNT@PPy composite film and a stretchable helical structure is formed by over-twisting the FSS.
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Two-Dimensional Titanium Carbide/RGO Composite for High-Performance Supercapacitors

TL;DR: The fabrication of Ti3C2Tx/RGO composites with different proportions of Ti2D titanium carbide and RGO is reported, in which RGO acts as a conductive "bridge" to connect different Ti3 C2Tx blocks and a matrix to alleviate the volume change during charge/discharge process.
References
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Materials for electrochemical capacitors

TL;DR: This work has shown that combination of pseudo-capacitive nanomaterials, including oxides, nitrides and polymers, with the latest generation of nanostructured lithium electrodes has brought the energy density of electrochemical capacitors closer to that of batteries.
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