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Carbon Materials for Chemical Capacitive Energy Storage

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TLDR
In order to further improve the power and energy densities of the capacitors, carbon-based composites combining electrical double layer capacitors (EDLC)-capacitance and pseudo-Capacitance have been explored and show not only enhanced capacitance, but as well good cyclability.
Abstract
Carbon materials have attracted intense interests as electrode materials for electrochemical capacitors, because of their high surface area, electrical conductivity, chemical stability and low cost. Activated carbons produced by different activation processes from various precursors are the most widely used electrodes. Recently, with the rapid growth of nanotechnology, nanostructured electrode materials, such as carbon nanotubes and template-synthesized porous carbons have been developed. Their unique electrical properties and well controlled pore sizes and structures facilitate fast ion and electron transportation. In order to further improve the power and energy densities of the capacitors, carbon-based composites combining electrical double layer capacitors (EDLC)-capacitance and pseudo-capacitance have been explored. They show not only enhanced capacitance, but as well good cyclability. In this review, recent progresses on carbon-based electrode materials are summarized, including activated carbons, carbon nanotubes, and template-synthesized porous carbons, in particular mesoporous carbons. Their advantages and disadvantages as electrochemical capacitors are discussed. At the end of this review, the future trends of electrochemical capacitors with high energy and power are proposed.

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Citations
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New insight into the synthesis of large-pore ordered mesoporous materials

TL;DR: In this Perspective, recent progresses and some new insights into the coassembly process about the synthesis of OMMs based on these tailor-made copolymers as templates are summarized, and typical newly developed synthesis methods and strategies are discussed in depth.
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Nitrogen-doped porous carbon for supercapacitor with long-term electrochemical stability

TL;DR: In this article, the mass ratios of UF resins to Ca(OAc) 2 ·H 2 O and carbonization temperatures can play crucial roles in the formation of porous carbon with various surface area and structure as well as determining the carbons' surface areas, pore structures and capacitive performance.
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Porous Graphitic Carbon Nanosheets Derived from Cornstalk Biomass for Advanced Supercapacitors

TL;DR: Series experiments indicate that PGCS can only be formed when using an iron-based catalyst that can generate a carburized phase during the pyrolytic process, and holds great promise for preparing PGCS from natural resources, including cornstalks, as advanced electrodes in supercapacitors.
Journal ArticleDOI

Porous Carbon Composites for Next Generation Rechargeable Lithium Batteries

TL;DR: Porous carbon-based composites have many advantages for energy storage and conversion owing to their unique properties, including high electronic conductivity, high structural stability, high specific surface area, large pore volume for efficient electrolyte flux, and high reactive electrode materials with controllable size confined by porous carbon frameworks as discussed by the authors.
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Prussian blue and its derivatives as electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors give a general summary and evaluation of the recent advances in the study of Prussian blue and its derivatives for batteries and supercapacitors, including synthesis, micro/nano-structures and electrochemical properties.
References
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Materials for electrochemical capacitors

TL;DR: This work has shown that combination of pseudo-capacitive nanomaterials, including oxides, nitrides and polymers, with the latest generation of nanostructured lithium electrodes has brought the energy density of electrochemical capacitors closer to that of batteries.
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