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Epigenetics and the placenta

TLDR
Epigenetic regulation of the placenta evolves during preimplantation development and further gestation and appears to be involved in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia and GTD.
Abstract
results: Epigenetic regulation of the placenta evolves during preimplantation development and further gestation. Epigenetic marks, like DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNAs, affect gene expression patterns. These expression patterns, including the important parent-of-origin-dependent gene expression resulting from genomic imprinting, play a pivotal role in proper fetal and placental development. Disturbed placental epigenetics has been demonstrated in cases of intrauterine growth retardation and small for gestational age, and also appears to be involved in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia and GTD. Several environmental effects have been investigated so far, e.g. ethanol, oxygen tension as well as the effect of several aspects of assisted reproduction technologies on placental epigenetics. conclusions: Studies in both animals and humans have made it increasingly clear that proper epigenetic regulation of both imprinted and non-imprinted genes is important in placental development. Its disturbance, which can be caused by various environmental factors, can lead to abnormal placental development and function with possible consequences for maternal morbidity, fetal development and disease susceptibility in later life.

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Book

Epigenetics in Society

TL;DR: In the years since the human genome was sequenced, it has become apparent that this higher order of architectural organization is much more complex and subtle than formerly acknowledged.
Journal ArticleDOI

Hypomethylation of DNA promoter upregulates ADAMTS7 and contributes to HTR-8/SVneo and JEG-3 cells abnormalities in pre-eclampsia.

TL;DR: Upregulation of ADAMTS7 by promoter hypomethylation in placenta might contribute to the etiology of PE via suppressing cell functions of trophoblasts via suppressingCell viability, migration, and invasion in vitro.
Journal ArticleDOI

Recurrent Pregnancy Loss (RPL): An overview

TL;DR: An insight is taken into the overall risk factors involved in the causation of explained recurrentregnancy loss to help the researchers to identify the origin of pregnancy loss and to provide best investigation and treatment strategy for women with recurrent pregnancy loss.
Journal ArticleDOI

Variants in Maternal Effect Genes and Relaxed Imprinting Control in a Special Placental Mesenchymal Dysplasia Case with Mild Trophoblast Hyperplasia

TL;DR: In this paper, a very special mesenchymal dysplasia (PMD) case also presenting with trophoblast hyperplasia phenotype, which is a hallmark of partial hydatidiform mole (PHM) was reported.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

DNA methylation patterns and epigenetic memory

TL;DR: The heritability of methylation states and the secondary nature of the decision to invite or exclude methylation support the idea that DNA methylation is adapted for a specific cellular memory function in development.
Journal ArticleDOI

DNA methyltransferases Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b are essential for de novo methylation and mammalian development.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that two recently identified DNA methyltransferases, DnMT3a and Dnmt3b, are essential for de novo methylation and for mouse development and play important roles in normal development and disease.
Book

Vitamin D

TL;DR: In what case do you like reading so much? What about the type of the vitamin d the calcium homeostatic steroid hormone book? The needs to read? Well, everybody has their own reason why should read some books as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI

Targeted mutation of the DNA methyltransferase gene results in embryonic lethality.

TL;DR: Results indicate that while a 3-fold reduction in levels of genomic m5C has no detectable effect on the viability or proliferation of ES cells in culture, a similar reduction of DNA methylation in embryos causes abnormal development and embryonic lethality.
Journal ArticleDOI

The Transcriptional Landscape of the Mammalian Genome

Piero Carninci, +197 more
- 02 Sep 2005 - 
TL;DR: Detailed polling of transcription start and termination sites and analysis of previously unidentified full-length complementary DNAs derived from the mouse genome provide a comprehensive platform for the comparative analysis of mammalian transcriptional regulation in differentiation and development.
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