Epigenetics and the placenta
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TLDR
Epigenetic regulation of the placenta evolves during preimplantation development and further gestation and appears to be involved in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia and GTD.Abstract:
results: Epigenetic regulation of the placenta evolves during preimplantation development and further gestation. Epigenetic marks, like DNA methylation, histone modifications and non-coding RNAs, affect gene expression patterns. These expression patterns, including the important parent-of-origin-dependent gene expression resulting from genomic imprinting, play a pivotal role in proper fetal and placental development. Disturbed placental epigenetics has been demonstrated in cases of intrauterine growth retardation and small for gestational age, and also appears to be involved in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia and GTD. Several environmental effects have been investigated so far, e.g. ethanol, oxygen tension as well as the effect of several aspects of assisted reproduction technologies on placental epigenetics. conclusions: Studies in both animals and humans have made it increasingly clear that proper epigenetic regulation of both imprinted and non-imprinted genes is important in placental development. Its disturbance, which can be caused by various environmental factors, can lead to abnormal placental development and function with possible consequences for maternal morbidity, fetal development and disease susceptibility in later life.read more
Citations
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Increased Cord Blood Betatrophin Levels in the Offspring of Mothers with Gestational Diabetes.
Xuemei Xie,Xuemei Xie,Xuemei Xie,Hongjie Gao,Shimin Wu,Yue Zhao,Caiqi Du,Guandou Yuan,Qin Ning,Kenneth McCormick,Xiaoping Luo +10 more
TL;DR: Cord blood betatrophin may function as a potential biomarker of maternal intrauterine hyperglycemia and fetal insulin resistance, which may presage for long-term metabolic impact of GDM on offspring.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prenatal exposure to mixtures of xenoestrogens and genome-wide DNA methylation in human placenta
Nadia Vilahur,Mariona Bustamante,Eva Morales,Valeria Motta,Mariana F. Fernández,Lucas A. Salas,Geòrgia Escaramís,Ferran Ballester,Mario Murcia,Adonina Tardón,Isolina Riaño,Loreto Santa-Marina,Jesús Ibarluzea,Juan P. Arrebola,Xavier Estivill,Valentina Bollati,Jordi Sunyer,Nicolás Olea +17 more
TL;DR: Some suggestive genes were differentially methylated in boys in relation to prenatal xenoestrogen exposure, but the initial findings could not be validated or replicated.
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Maternal fecundity and asthma among offspring—is the risk programmed preconceptionally? Retrospective observational study
Maijakaisa Harju,Leea Keski-Nisula,Kaisa Raatikainen,Juha Pekkanen,Juha Pekkanen,Seppo Heinonen +5 more
TL;DR: Findings suggest that maternal subfertility exposes offspring to an increased risk of asthma.
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Perinatal and obstetric outcomes in singleton pregnancies following fresh versus cryopreserved blastocyst transfer: a meta-analysis
Alessandro Conforti,Silvia Picarelli,Luigi Carbone,Antonio La Marca,Roberta Venturella,Alberto Vaiarelli,Danilo Cimadomo,Fulvio Zullo,Laura Rienzi,Filippo Maria Ubaldi,Carlo Alviggi +10 more
TL;DR: The perinatal and obstetric outcomes associated with the transfer of cryopreserved blastocysts differ from those associated with fresh blastocyst transfer.
Journal ArticleDOI
Proteomics study reveals that the dysregulation of focal adhesion and ribosome contribute to early pregnancy loss.
TL;DR: This work aims to identify the molecular signaling pathways relating to EPL, which affects 50–70% pregnant women in first trimester and needs further investigation.
References
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DNA methylation patterns and epigenetic memory
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DNA methyltransferases Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b are essential for de novo methylation and mammalian development.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that two recently identified DNA methyltransferases, DnMT3a and Dnmt3b, are essential for de novo methylation and for mouse development and play important roles in normal development and disease.
Book
Vitamin D
TL;DR: In what case do you like reading so much? What about the type of the vitamin d the calcium homeostatic steroid hormone book? The needs to read? Well, everybody has their own reason why should read some books as discussed by the authors.
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Targeted mutation of the DNA methyltransferase gene results in embryonic lethality.
TL;DR: Results indicate that while a 3-fold reduction in levels of genomic m5C has no detectable effect on the viability or proliferation of ES cells in culture, a similar reduction of DNA methylation in embryos causes abnormal development and embryonic lethality.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Transcriptional Landscape of the Mammalian Genome
Piero Carninci,Takeya Kasukawa,Shintaro Katayama,Julian Gough,Martin C. Frith,N. Maeda,Rieko Oyama,Timothy Ravasi,Boris Lenhard,Christine A. Wells,Christine A. Wells,Rimantas Kodzius,Kazuro Shimokawa,Vladimir B. Bajic,Steven E. Brenner,Serge Batalov,Alistair R. R. Forrest,Mihaela Zavolan,Melissa J. Davis,Laurens G. Wilming,Vassilis Aidinis,Jonathan E. Allen,Alberto Ambesi-Impiombato,Rolf Apweiler,Rajith N. Aturaliya,Timothy L. Bailey,Mukesh Bansal,Laura L. Baxter,Kirk W. Beisel,T. Bersano,Hidemasa Bono,Alistair M. Chalk,Kuo Ping Chiu,V. Choudhary,Alan Christoffels,D. R. Clutterbuck,Mark L. Crowe,Emiliano Dalla,Brian P. Dalrymple,Bernard de Bono,G. Della Gatta,Diego di Bernardo,Thomas A. Down,Pär G. Engström,Michela Fagiolini,Geoffrey J. Faulkner,Colin F. Fletcher,T. Fukushima,Masaaki Furuno,Sugiko Futaki,Manuela Gariboldi,P. Georgii-Hemming,Thomas R. Gingeras,Takashi Gojobori,Richard E. Green,Stefano Gustincich,Matthias Harbers,Yoshitaka Hayashi,Takao K. Hensch,Nobutaka Hirokawa,David E. Hill,Lukasz Huminiecki,M. Iacono,Kazuho Ikeo,Atsushi Iwama,T. Ishikawa,M. Jakt,Alexander Kanapin,Masaru Katoh,Yuka Imamura Kawasawa,Janet Kelso,Hiroshi Kitamura,Hiroaki Kitano,George Kollias,S. P. T. Krishnan,Adele Kruger,Sarah K. Kummerfeld,Igor V. Kurochkin,Liana F. Lareau,Dejan Lazarevic,Leonard Lipovich,Jinfeng Liu,Sabino Liuni,Sean McWilliam,M. Madan Babu,Martin Madera,Luigi Marchionni,Hideo Matsuda,Shu-ichi Matsuzawa,Harukata Miki,Flavio Mignone,Sou Miyake,Ken A. Morris,Salim Mottagui-Tabar,Salim Mottagui-Tabar,Nicola Mulder,Naoko Nakano,Hiromitsu Nakauchi,P. Ng,Roland Nilsson,S. Nishiguchi,Seishi Nishikawa,Franco Nori,Osamu Ohara,Yasushi Okazaki,Valerio Orlando,Ken C Pang,William J. Pavan,Giulio Pavesi,Graziano Pesole,Nikolai Petrovsky,Silvano Piazza,Jonathan C. Reed,James F. Reid,Brian Z. Ring,M. Ringwald,Burkhard Rost,Yijun Ruan,Steven L. Salzberg,Albin Sandelin,Claudio Schneider,Christian Schönbach,K. Sekiguchi,Colin A. Semple,Shigeto Seno,Luca Sessa,Y. Sheng,Y. Shibata,Hiroshi Shimada,Kiyo Shimada,D. Silva,B. Sinclair,Silke Sperling,Elia Stupka,Koji Sugiura,Razvan Sultana,Yoichi Takenaka,Kohei Taki,K. Tammoja,Sin Lam Tan,S. Tang,Martin S. Taylor,Jesper Tegnér,Sarah A. Teichmann,Hiroki R. Ueda,Erik van Nimwegen,Roberto Verardo,Chia-Lin Wei,Ken Yagi,H. Yamanishi,E. Zabarovsky,S. Zhu,Andreas Zimmer,Winston Hide,Carol J. Bult,Sean M. Grimmond,Rohan D. Teasdale,Edison T. Liu,Vladimir Brusic,John Quackenbush,Claes Wahlestedt,Claes Wahlestedt,John S. Mattick,David A. Hume,C. Kai,D. Sasaki,Yasuhiro Tomaru,S. Fukuda,Mutsumi Kanamori-Katayama,M. Suzuki,Junken Aoki,Taku Arakawa,J. Iida,Kengo Imamura,Masayoshi Itoh,T. Kato,Hideya Kawaji,N. Kawagashira,Tsugumi Kawashima,M. Kojima,S. Kondo,Hideaki Konno,K. Nakano,Noriko Ninomiya,T. Nishio,M. Okada,Charles Plessy,K. Shibata,Toshiyuki Shiraki,S. Suzuki,Michihira Tagami,Kazunori Waki,Akira Watahiki,Yuko Okamura-Oho,Harukazu Suzuki,Jun Kawai,Yoshihide Hayashizaki,Yoshihide Hayashizaki +197 more
TL;DR: Detailed polling of transcription start and termination sites and analysis of previously unidentified full-length complementary DNAs derived from the mouse genome provide a comprehensive platform for the comparative analysis of mammalian transcriptional regulation in differentiation and development.