Global increase and geographic convergence in antibiotic consumption between 2000 and 2015.
Eili Y. Klein,Eili Y. Klein,Thomas P. Van Boeckel,Elena Martinez,Suraj Pant,Sumanth Gandra,Simon A. Levin,Herman Goossens,Ramanan Laxminarayan,Ramanan Laxminarayan,Ramanan Laxminarayan +10 more
TLDR
It is found that the antibiotic consumption rate in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs) has been converging to (and in some countries surpassing) levels typically observed in high-income countries, and projected total global antibiotic consumption through 2030 was up to 200% higher than the 42 billion DDDs estimated in 2015.Abstract:
Tracking antibiotic consumption patterns over time and across countries could inform policies to optimize antibiotic prescribing and minimize antibiotic resistance, such as setting and enforcing per capita consumption targets or aiding investments in alternatives to antibiotics. In this study, we analyzed the trends and drivers of antibiotic consumption from 2000 to 2015 in 76 countries and projected total global antibiotic consumption through 2030. Between 2000 and 2015, antibiotic consumption, expressed in defined daily doses (DDD), increased 65% (21.1–34.8 billion DDDs), and the antibiotic consumption rate increased 39% (11.3–15.7 DDDs per 1,000 inhabitants per day). The increase was driven by low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where rising consumption was correlated with gross domestic product per capita (GDPPC) growth (P = 0.004). In high-income countries (HICs), although overall consumption increased modestly, DDDs per 1,000 inhabitants per day fell 4%, and there was no correlation with GDPPC. Of particular concern was the rapid increase in the use of last-resort compounds, both in HICs and LMICs, such as glycylcyclines, oxazolidinones, carbapenems, and polymyxins. Projections of global antibiotic consumption in 2030, assuming no policy changes, were up to 200% higher than the 42 billion DDDs estimated in 2015. Although antibiotic consumption rates in most LMICs remain lower than in HICs despite higher bacterial disease burden, consumption in LMICs is rapidly converging to rates similar to HICs. Reducing global consumption is critical for reducing the threat of antibiotic resistance, but reduction efforts must balance access limitations in LMICs and take account of local and global resistance patterns.read more
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Antibiotic Prescribing Patterns in Ghana, Uganda, Zambia and Tanzania Hospitals: Results from the Global Point Prevalence Survey (G-PPS) on Antimicrobial Use and Stewardship Interventions Implemented.
Nikki D’Arcy,Diane Ashiru-Oredope,Omotayo Olaoye,Daniel Kwame Afriyie,Zainab Akello,Daniel Ankrah,Derrick Mawuena Asima,David C. Banda,Scott Barrett,Claire Brandish,Joseph Brayson,Peter Benedict,Cornelius C. Dodoo,Frances Garraghan,Josephyn Hoyelah,Yogini Jani,Freddy Eric Kitutu,Ismail Musoke Kizito,Appiah-Korang Labi,Mariyam Mirfenderesky,Sudaxshina Murdan,Caoimhe Murray,Noah Obeng-Nkrumah,William J’Pathim Olum,Japheth A. Opintan,Edwin Panford-Quainoo,Ines Pauwels,Israel Abebrese Sefah,Jacqueline Sneddon,Anja St Clair Jones,Ann Versporten +30 more
TL;DR: The Global Point Prevalence Survey (G-PPS) of Antimicrobial Consumption and Resistance assesses the prevalence and the quality of antimicrobial prescriptions across hospitals globally as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global consumption of prescription opioid analgesics between 2009-2019: a country-level observational study
Sahan Jayawardana,Rebecca Forman,Charlotte Johnston-Webber,Allen Campbell,Stefano Berterame,Cees de Joncheere,Murray Aitken,Elias Mossialos,Elias Mossialos +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reported country-level consumption trends in morphine milligram equivalents (MMEs), assessed differences in consumption between high-income (HICs), upper-middle income (UMICs) and low- and lower-middle-income countries (LMICs).
Journal ArticleDOI
Optimizing antibiotic therapies to reduce the risk of bacterial resistance.
TL;DR: In this article , the authors proposed strategies to optimize antibiotic use in everyday clinical practice and to reduce the risk of inducing bacterial resistance, including rapid microbiological diagnostics for identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing, the use of inflammation markers to guide initiation and duration of therapies, the reduction of standard durations of antibiotic courses, individualization of antibiotic therapies and dosing considering pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics targets, and avoiding antibiotic classes carrying a higher risk for induction of bacterial resistance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global Internet Data on the Interest in Antibiotics and Probiotics Generated by Google Trends
TL;DR: Google users’ interest in antibiotic- and probiotic-related information increases from year to year, and peaks in cold months, which might be associated with antibiotic consumption, health expenditure, and the development status of the Google users” country.
Journal ArticleDOI
Optimizing antibiotic prescribing: collective approaches to managing a common-pool resource
Carolyn Tarrant,Andrew M. Colman,Edmund Chattoe-Brown,David R. Jenkins,Shaheen Mehtar,Nelun Perera,Eva M. Krockow +6 more
TL;DR: A theoretic analysis of antibiotic stewardship could make the problem of optimizing antibiotic prescribing more tractable, providing a theory base for intervention development.
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TL;DR: It is explained how, in principle, early warning systems could be established to detect the proximity of some tipping points, and critically evaluate potential policy-relevant tipping elements in the climate system under anthropogenic forcing.
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