Global increase and geographic convergence in antibiotic consumption between 2000 and 2015.
Eili Y. Klein,Eili Y. Klein,Thomas P. Van Boeckel,Elena Martinez,Suraj Pant,Sumanth Gandra,Simon A. Levin,Herman Goossens,Ramanan Laxminarayan,Ramanan Laxminarayan,Ramanan Laxminarayan +10 more
TLDR
It is found that the antibiotic consumption rate in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs) has been converging to (and in some countries surpassing) levels typically observed in high-income countries, and projected total global antibiotic consumption through 2030 was up to 200% higher than the 42 billion DDDs estimated in 2015.Abstract:
Tracking antibiotic consumption patterns over time and across countries could inform policies to optimize antibiotic prescribing and minimize antibiotic resistance, such as setting and enforcing per capita consumption targets or aiding investments in alternatives to antibiotics. In this study, we analyzed the trends and drivers of antibiotic consumption from 2000 to 2015 in 76 countries and projected total global antibiotic consumption through 2030. Between 2000 and 2015, antibiotic consumption, expressed in defined daily doses (DDD), increased 65% (21.1–34.8 billion DDDs), and the antibiotic consumption rate increased 39% (11.3–15.7 DDDs per 1,000 inhabitants per day). The increase was driven by low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where rising consumption was correlated with gross domestic product per capita (GDPPC) growth (P = 0.004). In high-income countries (HICs), although overall consumption increased modestly, DDDs per 1,000 inhabitants per day fell 4%, and there was no correlation with GDPPC. Of particular concern was the rapid increase in the use of last-resort compounds, both in HICs and LMICs, such as glycylcyclines, oxazolidinones, carbapenems, and polymyxins. Projections of global antibiotic consumption in 2030, assuming no policy changes, were up to 200% higher than the 42 billion DDDs estimated in 2015. Although antibiotic consumption rates in most LMICs remain lower than in HICs despite higher bacterial disease burden, consumption in LMICs is rapidly converging to rates similar to HICs. Reducing global consumption is critical for reducing the threat of antibiotic resistance, but reduction efforts must balance access limitations in LMICs and take account of local and global resistance patterns.read more
Citations
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Global Trends in Antimicrobial Use in Food Animals from 2017 to 2030
Katie Tiseo,Laura Rosendahl Huber,Marius Gilbert,Timothy P. Robinson,Thomas P. Van Boeckel,Thomas P. Van Boeckel +5 more
TL;DR: The results show lower global antimicrobial sales in 2030 compared to previous estimates, owing to recent reports of decrease in antimicrobial use, in particular in China, the world’s largest consumer.
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Rising incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer - a call to action.
Naohiko Akimoto,Tomotaka Ugai,Tomotaka Ugai,Rong Zhong,Rong Zhong,Rong Zhong,Tsuyoshi Hamada,Kenji Fujiyoshi,Kenji Fujiyoshi,Marios Giannakis,Kana Wu,Yin Cao,Kimmie Ng,Shuji Ogino +13 more
TL;DR: The authors review the current epidemiological, clinical, pathological and molecular understanding of early-onset colorectal cancer that occurs in patients ≥50 years of age, drawing contrasts with later-ONSet CRC.
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Antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa - Mechanisms, epidemiology and evolution
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Early-onset colorectal cancer: initial clues and current views
Lorne J. Hofseth,James R. Hebert,Anindya Chanda,Hexin Chen,Bryan L. Love,Maria Marjorette O. Peña,E. Angela Murphy,Mathew Sajish,Amit Sheth,Phillip Buckhaults,Franklin G. Berger +10 more
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Remediation of antibiotic wastewater by coupled photocatalytic and persulfate oxidation system: A critical review.
Guanyi Chen,Yang Yu,Lan Liang,Xiaoguang Duan,Rui Li,Xukai Lu,Beibei Yan,Ning Li,Shaobin Wang +8 more
TL;DR: An overview of PPOH system is provided and the future research direction of the system in practical treatment of antibiotic wastewater is outlined and the performance of antibiotic degradation and internal mechanism in the coupled oxidation system are analyzed comprehensively.
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