Global increase and geographic convergence in antibiotic consumption between 2000 and 2015.
Eili Y. Klein,Eili Y. Klein,Thomas P. Van Boeckel,Elena Martinez,Suraj Pant,Sumanth Gandra,Simon A. Levin,Herman Goossens,Ramanan Laxminarayan,Ramanan Laxminarayan,Ramanan Laxminarayan +10 more
TLDR
It is found that the antibiotic consumption rate in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs) has been converging to (and in some countries surpassing) levels typically observed in high-income countries, and projected total global antibiotic consumption through 2030 was up to 200% higher than the 42 billion DDDs estimated in 2015.Abstract:
Tracking antibiotic consumption patterns over time and across countries could inform policies to optimize antibiotic prescribing and minimize antibiotic resistance, such as setting and enforcing per capita consumption targets or aiding investments in alternatives to antibiotics. In this study, we analyzed the trends and drivers of antibiotic consumption from 2000 to 2015 in 76 countries and projected total global antibiotic consumption through 2030. Between 2000 and 2015, antibiotic consumption, expressed in defined daily doses (DDD), increased 65% (21.1–34.8 billion DDDs), and the antibiotic consumption rate increased 39% (11.3–15.7 DDDs per 1,000 inhabitants per day). The increase was driven by low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where rising consumption was correlated with gross domestic product per capita (GDPPC) growth (P = 0.004). In high-income countries (HICs), although overall consumption increased modestly, DDDs per 1,000 inhabitants per day fell 4%, and there was no correlation with GDPPC. Of particular concern was the rapid increase in the use of last-resort compounds, both in HICs and LMICs, such as glycylcyclines, oxazolidinones, carbapenems, and polymyxins. Projections of global antibiotic consumption in 2030, assuming no policy changes, were up to 200% higher than the 42 billion DDDs estimated in 2015. Although antibiotic consumption rates in most LMICs remain lower than in HICs despite higher bacterial disease burden, consumption in LMICs is rapidly converging to rates similar to HICs. Reducing global consumption is critical for reducing the threat of antibiotic resistance, but reduction efforts must balance access limitations in LMICs and take account of local and global resistance patterns.read more
Citations
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Deciphering of microbial community and antibiotic resistance genes in activated sludge reactors under high selective pressure of different antibiotics.
TL;DR: The profiles and relationships between microbial community and ARGs in AS process treating wastewater with high antibiotic concentrations are deciphered and could provide helpful guidance for controlling the development and dissemination of ARB and ARG.
Journal ArticleDOI
Assessment of WHO antibiotic consumption and access targets in 76 countries, 2000-15: an analysis of pharmaceutical sales data.
Eili Y. Klein,Eili Y. Klein,Maja Milkowska-Shibata,Katie K Tseng,Mike Sharland,Sumanth Gandra,Céline Pulcini,Ramanan Laxminarayan +7 more
TL;DR: Rapid increases in Watch antibiotic consumption, particularly in LMICs, reflect challenges in antibiotic stewardship and the WHO national-level target of at least 60% of total antibiotic consumption being in the Access category by 2023 will be difficult to achieve.
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Microbiota-Driven Tonic Interferon Signals in Lung Stromal Cells Protect from Influenza Virus Infection.
Konrad C. Bradley,Katja Finsterbusch,Daniel Schnepf,Stefania Crotta,Miriam Llorian,Sophia Davidson,Serge Y. Fuchs,Peter Staeheli,Andreas Wack +8 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that the microbiota-driven interferon signature in lung epithelia impedes early virus replication and that IFNAR1 surface levels fine-tune this signature, which highlights the interplay between bacterial and viral exposure.
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Engineered biochar – A sustainable solution for the removal of antibiotics from water
TL;DR: In this article, the most recent data on the consumption of antibiotics, their related environmental contamination, and their removal using biochar-based materials are collated and special attention is paid to the newly emerging approaches of biochar modification and biochar composites in relation to the antibiotic removal from water.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antibiotics in surface water of East and Southeast Asian countries: A focused review on contamination status, pollution sources, potential risks, and future perspectives
Hoang Quoc Anh,Hoang Quoc Anh,Thi Phuong Quynh Le,Nhu Da Le,Xixi Lu,Thi Thuy Duong,Josette Garnier,Emma Rochelle-Newall,Shurong Zhang,Neung-Hwan Oh,Chantha Oeurng,Chaiwat Ekkawatpanit,Tien Dat Nguyen,Quang Trung Nguyen,Tran Dung Nguyen,Trong Nghia Nguyen,Thi Lieu Tran,Tatsuya Kunisue,Rumi Tanoue,Shin Takahashi,Tu Binh Minh,Huu Tuyen Le,Thi Ngoc Mai Pham,Thi Anh Huong Nguyen +23 more
TL;DR: Findings underline the need for synergistic efforts from scientists, engineers, policy makers, government managers, entrepreneurs, and communities to manage and reduce the burden of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance in water bodies of East and Southeast Asian countries.
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