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GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations

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TLDR
The advantages of the GRADE system are explored, which is increasingly being adopted by organisations worldwide and which is often praised for its high level of consistency.
Abstract
Guidelines are inconsistent in how they rate the quality of evidence and the strength of recommendations. This article explores the advantages of the GRADE system, which is increasingly being adopted by organisations worldwide

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Risk factors for relapse and recurrence of depression in adults and how they operate: A four-phase systematic review and meta-synthesis

TL;DR: Future research that focuses on understanding causal pathways that link childhood maltreatment to dysfunction in the neocortical and limbic pathways that process affective information and facilitate cognitive control might result in more enduring effects of treatments for depression.
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Interventions for American cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis

TL;DR: There is a need for large well conducted studies that evaluate long-term effects of current therapies to improve quality and standardization of methods in therapeutic interventions for American cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis.
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Self‐monitoring and self‐management of oral anticoagulation

TL;DR: The quality of evidence was generally low to moderate, and the effects on thrombotic events, major haemorrhages, and all-cause mortality of self-monitoring or self-management of oral anticoagulant therapy compared to standard monitoring was evaluated.
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Environmental interventions to reduce the consumption of sugar‐sweetened beverages and their effects on health

TL;DR: The effects of environmental interventions (excluding taxation) on the consumption of sugar‐sweetened beverages and sugar‐ sweetened milk, diet‐related anthropometric measures and health outcomes, and on any reported unintended consequences or adverse outcomes are assessed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: Principal results from the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial

TL;DR: Overall health risks exceeded benefits from use of combined estrogen plus progestin for an average 5.2-year follow-up among healthy postmenopausal US women, and the results indicate that this regimen should not be initiated or continued for primary prevention of CHD.
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Randomized Trial of Estrogen Plus Progestin for Secondary Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease in Postmenopausal Women

TL;DR: Treatment with oral conjugated equine estrogen plus medroxyprogesterone acetate did not reduce the overall rate of CHD events in postmenopausal women with established coronary disease and the treatment did increase the rate of thromboembolic events and gallbladder disease.
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Mortality and morbidity in patients receiving encainide, flecainide, or placebo. The Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial.

TL;DR: There was an excess of deathsDue to arrhythmia and deaths due to shock after acute recurrent myocardial infarction in patients treated with encainide or flecainide.
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A comparison of results of meta-analyses of randomized control trials and recommendations of clinical experts. Treatments for myocardial infarction.

TL;DR: Finding and analyzing all therapeutic trials in a given field has become such a difficult and specialized task that the clinical experts called on to summarize the evidence in a timely fashion need access to better databases and new statistical techniques to assist them.
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