Human organoids: model systems for human biology and medicine.
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TLDR
The applications, advantages and disadvantages of human organoids as models of development and disease and the challenges that have to be overcome for organoids to be able to substantially reduce the need for animal experiments are discussed.Abstract:
The historical reliance of biological research on the use of animal models has sometimes made it challenging to address questions that are specific to the understanding of human biology and disease. But with the advent of human organoids - which are stem cell-derived 3D culture systems - it is now possible to re-create the architecture and physiology of human organs in remarkable detail. Human organoids provide unique opportunities for the study of human disease and complement animal models. Human organoids have been used to study infectious diseases, genetic disorders and cancers through the genetic engineering of human stem cells, as well as directly when organoids are generated from patient biopsy samples. This Review discusses the applications, advantages and disadvantages of human organoids as models of development and disease and outlines the challenges that have to be overcome for organoids to be able to substantially reduce the need for animal experiments.read more
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Detection of Viral Infections by Innate Immunity.
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Building consensus on definition and nomenclature of hepatic, pancreatic, and biliary organoids
Ary Marsee,Floris J.M. Roos,Monique M A Verstegen,Helmuth Gehart,Eelco de Koning,Frédéric P. Lemaigre,Stuart J. Forbes,Weng Chuan Peng,Meritxell Huch,Takanori Takebe,Ludovic Vallier,Hans Clevers,Luc J. W. van der Laan,Bart Spee +13 more
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Human neural tube morphogenesis in vitro by geometric constraints.
Eyal Karzbrun,Eyal Karzbrun,Aimal H. Khankhel,Heitor C. Megale,Stella M. K. Glasauer,Yofiel Wyle,George Britton,Aryeh Warmflash,Kenneth S. Kosik,Eric D. Siggia,Boris I. Shraiman,Boris I. Shraiman,Sebastian J. Streichan +12 more
TL;DR: In this article, a chip-based culture system is presented that enables self-organization of micropatterned stem cells into precise 3D cell-fate patterns and organ shapes.
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Volumetric Bioprinting of Organoids and Optically Tuned Hydrogels to Build Liver‐Like Metabolic Biofactories
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TL;DR: This study introduces the volumetric bioprinting of complex organoid‐laden constructs, which capture key functions of the human liver and opens up new possibilities for regenerative medicine and personalized drug testing.
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