Journal ArticleDOI
Life and Death of Neurons in the Aging Brain
John H. Morrison,Patrick R. Hof +1 more
TLDR
The qualitative and quantitative differences between aging and Alzheimer's disease with respect to neuron loss are discussed, and age-related changes in functional and biochemical attributes of hippocampal circuits that might mediate functional decline in the absence of neuron death are explored.Abstract:
Neurodegenerative disorders are characterized by extensive neuron death that leads to functional decline, but the neurobiological correlates of functional decline in normal aging are less well defined. For decades, it has been a commonly held notion that widespread neuron death in the neocortex and hippocampus is an inevitable concomitant of brain aging, but recent quantitative studies suggest that neuron death is restricted in normal aging and unlikely to account for age-related impairment of neocortical and hippocampal functions. In this article, the qualitative and quantitative differences between aging and Alzheimer's disease with respect to neuron loss are discussed, and age-related changes in functional and biochemical attributes of hippocampal circuits that might mediate functional decline in the absence of neuron death are explored. When these data are viewed comprehensively, it appears that the primary neurobiological substrates for functional impairment in aging differ in important ways from those in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The effects of age and sex on cortical sulci in the elderly
Tao Liu,Tao Liu,Wei Wen,Wanlin Zhu,Julian N. Trollor,Simone Reppermund,John D. Crawford,Jesse S. Jin,Suhuai Luo,Henry Brodaty,Perminder S. Sachdev +10 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that both age and sex contribute to significant cortical gyrification differences and variations in the elderly, as observed in T1-weighted scans obtained from a large community cohort of 319 non-demented individuals aged between 70 and 90 years.
Book ChapterDOI
Dynamics and pathology of dendritic spines.
TL;DR: Because spines can function in neuroprotection in vitro, advances toward a molecular understanding of spine maintenance might one day aid in the design of therapies to minimize neurological damage following excitotoxic injury.
Journal ArticleDOI
Counting particles in tissue sections: choices of methods and importance of calibration to minimize biases.
TL;DR: This review aims to objectively assess the strengths and limitations of current profile- and disector-based cell counting methods by examination of studies in which these methods have been calibrated against the "gold-standard", counts obtained by 3-dimensional reconstruction of serial sections.
Journal ArticleDOI
States and traits of neural irregularity in the age-varying human brain.
TL;DR: It is shown that a single, within-trial, information-theoretic measure (weighted permutation entropy) captures neural irregularity in the human electroencephalogram as a proxy for both, trait-like differences between individuals of varying age, and state-like fluctuations that bias perceptual decisions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) as a therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases
TL;DR: The roles of NPY in the pathological mechanisms of neurodegenerative disorders are focused on, highlighting NPY as a neuroprotective agent, as a neural stem cell proliferativeAgent, as an agent that increases trophic support and as an inhibitor of excitotoxicity and neuroinflammation.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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