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Long non-coding RNAs: new players in cell differentiation and development
Alessandro Fatica,Irene Bozzoni +1 more
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TLDR
The function of lncRNAs in developmental processes, such as in dosage compensation, genomic imprinting, cell differentiation and organogenesis, with a particular emphasis on mammalian development are described.Abstract:
Genomes of multicellular organisms are characterized by the pervasive expression of different types of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) belong to a novel heterogeneous class of ncRNAs that includes thousands of different species. lncRNAs have crucial roles in gene expression control during both developmental and differentiation processes, and the number of lncRNA species increases in genomes of developmentally complex organisms, which highlights the importance of RNA-based levels of control in the evolution of multicellular organisms. In this Review, we describe the function of lncRNAs in developmental processes, such as in dosage compensation, genomic imprinting, cell differentiation and organogenesis, with a particular emphasis on mammalian development.read more
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Gene regulation by long non-coding RNAs and its biological functions.
TL;DR: A review of the mechanisms of lncRNA biogenesis, localization and functions in transcriptional, post-transcriptional and other modes of gene regulation, and their potential therapeutic applications is presented in this article.
Journal ArticleDOI
Non-coding RNAs in Development and Disease: Background, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Approaches
TL;DR: This review guides the reader through important aspects of non-coding RNA biology, including their biogenesis, mode of actions, physiological function, as well as their role in the disease context (such as in cancer or the cardiovascular system).
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LncRNA-mediated regulation of cell signaling in cancer.
TL;DR: The latest developments primarily in important cell signaling pathways regulated by lncRNAs in cancer are discussed, including changes in transcription, translation, protein modification and the formation of RNA–protein or protein–protein complexes.
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A High-Resolution Map of Human Evolutionary Constraint Using 29 Mammals
Stefan Washietl,Pouya Kheradpour,Jason Ernst,Lucas D. Ward,Irwin Jungreis,Matthew D. Rasmussen,Manolis Kellis +6 more
TL;DR: The comparison of related genomes has emerged as a powerful lens for genome interpretation as mentioned in this paper, which reveals a small number of new coding exons, candidate stop codon readthrough events and over 10,000 regions of overlapping synonymous constraint within protein-coding exons.
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Transition from inflammation to proliferation: a critical step during wound healing
TL;DR: This review summarizes mechanisms regulating the inflammation–proliferation transition at cellular and molecular levels and proposes that identification of such mechanisms will reveal promising targets for development of more effective therapies.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Braveheart, a Long Noncoding RNA Required for Cardiovascular Lineage Commitment
Carla Andrea Klattenhoff,Johanna C. Scheuermann,Lauren E. Surface,Robert K. Bradley,Paul A. Fields,Matthew L. Steinhauser,Huiming Ding,Vincent L. Butty,Lillian Torrey,Simon Haas,Ryan Abo,Mohammadsharif Tabebordbar,Mohammadsharif Tabebordbar,Richard T. Lee,Richard T. Lee,Christopher B. Burge,Laurie A. Boyer +16 more
TL;DR: Braveheart (Bvht), a heart-associated lncRNA in mouse is identified and it is found that Bvht is necessary for activation of a core cardiovascular gene network and functions upstream of mesoderm posterior 1 (MesP1), a master regulator of a common multipotent cardiovascular progenitor.
Journal ArticleDOI
Control of somatic tissue differentiation by the long non-coding RNA TINCR
Markus Kretz,Zurab Siprashvili,Ci Chu,Dan E. Webster,Ashley M. Zehnder,Kun Qu,Carolyn S. Lee,Ross J. Flockhart,Abigail F. Groff,Jennifer Chow,Danielle Johnston,Grace E Kim,Robert C. Spitale,Ryan A. Flynn,Grace X.Y. Zheng,Subhadra Aiyer,Arjun Raj,John L. Rinn,Howard Y. Chang,Howard Y. Chang,Paul A. Khavari,Paul A. Khavari +21 more
TL;DR: It is shown that a 3.7-kilobase lncRNA, terminal differentiation-induced ncRNA (TINCR), controls human epidermal differentiation by a post-transcriptional mechanism.
Journal ArticleDOI
miRNA-dependent gene silencing involving Ago2-mediated cleavage of a circular antisense RNA
Thomas B. Hansen,Erik D Wiklund,Erik D Wiklund,Jesper B. Bramsen,Sune B. Villadsen,Aaron L. Statham,Susan J. Clark,Jørgen Kjems +7 more
TL;DR: This study provides the first evidence for non‐coding antisense transcripts as functional miRNA targets, and a novel regulatory mechanism involving a positive correlation between mRNA and antisense circular RNA levels.
Journal ArticleDOI
Small nucleolar RNAs: an abundant group of noncoding RNAs with diverse cellular functions.
Tamás Kiss,Tamás Kiss +1 more
TL;DR: Small nucleolar RNAs represent an abundant, evolutionarily ancient group of noncoding RNAs which possess impressively diverse functions ranging from 2'-O-methylation and pseudouridylation of various classes of RNAs, through nucleolytic processing of rRNAs to the synthesis of telomeric DNA.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Tissue-Specific lncRNA Fendrr Is an Essential Regulator of Heart and Body Wall Development in the Mouse
Phillip Grote,Lars Wittler,David A. Hendrix,Frederic Koch,Sandra Währisch,Arica Beisaw,Karol Macura,Gaby Bläss,Manolis Kellis,Martin Werber,Bernhard G. Herrmann,Bernhard G. Herrmann +11 more
TL;DR: In this article, the lateral mesoderm-specific lncRNA Fendrr was found to be essential for proper heart and body wall development in the mouse, and the upregulation of several transcription factors was associated with a drastic reduction in PRC2 occupancy along with decreased H3K27 trimethylation.
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