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Long noncoding RNAs: Novel regulators of virus-host interactions

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TLDR
The regulatory networks of host antiviral responses are highlighted and the need for interdisciplinary research between lncRNA biology and immunology to deepen understanding of viral pathogenesis is emphasized.
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent a key class of cellular regulators, involved in the modulation and control of multiple biological processes. Distinct classes of lncRNAs are now known to be induced by host cytokines following viral infections. Current evidence demonstrates that lncRNAs play essential roles at the host-pathogen interface regulating viral infections by either innate immune responses at various levels including activation of pathogen recognition receptors or by epigenetic, transcriptional, and posttranscriptional effects. We review the newly described mechanisms underlying the interactions between lncRNAs, cytokines, and metabolites differentially expressed following viral infections; we highlight the regulatory networks of host antiviral responses and emphasize the need for interdisciplinary research between lncRNA biology and immunology to deepen understanding of viral pathogenesis.

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MicroRNAs: Target Recognition and Regulatory Functions

TL;DR: In this article, a review outlines the current understanding of miRNA target recognition in animals and discusses the widespread impact of miRNAs on both the expression and evolution of protein-coding genes.
Journal ArticleDOI

LncRNA GMDS-AS1 inhibits lung adenocarcinoma development by regulating miR-96-5p/CYLD signaling.

TL;DR: The GMDS‐AS1/miR‐96‐5p/CYLD network based on ceRNA mechanism plays an important role in the development ofLUAD and provides a new direction and theoretical basis for targeted therapy of LUAD.
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The role of a ceRNA regulatory network based on lncRNA MALAT1 site in cancer progression

TL;DR: In this paper, the impact of the ceRNA network and the long non-coding RNA MALAT1 in cancer was reviewed. But the authors focused on the effect of the miRNAs on the 3'-UTR of downstream target mRNAs.
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CircRNA_0050463 promotes influenza A virus replication by sponging miR-33b-5p to regulate EEF1A1

TL;DR: In this paper, the expression of circ_0050463, which is predominantly localized in cytoplasm, in response to IAV infection, was analyzed, and it was shown that circ_50463 functioned as an endogenous microRNA sponge to sequester and inhibit miR-33b-5p activity, resulting in increased eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1 (EEF1A1) expression with subsequent facilitation of IAV replication.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

MicroRNAs: Target Recognition and Regulatory Functions

TL;DR: The current understanding of miRNA target recognition in animals is outlined and the widespread impact of miRNAs on both the expression and evolution of protein-coding genes is discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI

Identification and analysis of functional elements in 1% of the human genome by the ENCODE pilot project

Ewan Birney, +320 more
- 14 Jun 2007 - 
TL;DR: Functional data from multiple, diverse experiments performed on a targeted 1% of the human genome as part of the pilot phase of the ENCODE Project are reported, providing convincing evidence that the genome is pervasively transcribed, such that the majority of its bases can be found in primary transcripts.
Journal ArticleDOI

Long non-coding RNAs: insights into functions

TL;DR: The rapidly advancing field of long ncRNAs is reviewed, describing their conservation, their organization in the genome and their roles in gene regulation, and the medical implications.
Journal ArticleDOI

Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR reprograms chromatin state to promote cancer metastasis

TL;DR: It is shown that lincRNAs in the HOX loci become systematically dysregulated during breast cancer progression, indicating that l incRNAs have active roles in modulating the cancer epigenome and may be important targets for cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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