Mechanochemistry: opportunities for new and cleaner synthesis
Stuart L. James,Christopher J. Adams,Carsten Bolm,Dario Braga,Paul Collier,Tomislav Friščić,Fabrizia Grepioni,Kenneth D. M. Harris,Geoff Hyett,William Jones,Anke Krebs,James Mack,Lucia Maini,A. Guy Orpen,Ivan P. Parkin,William C. Shearouse,Jonathan W. Steed,Daniel C. Waddell +17 more
TLDR
Concentrating on recent advances, this article covers industrial aspects, inorganic materials, organic synthesis, cocrystallisation, pharmaceutical aspects, metal complexes, supramolecular aspects and characterization methods.Abstract:
The aim of this critical review is to provide a broad but digestible overview of mechanochemical synthesis, i.e. reactions conducted by grinding solid reactants together with no or minimal solvent. Although mechanochemistry has historically been a sideline approach to synthesis it may soon move into the mainstream because it is increasingly apparent that it can be practical, and even advantageous, and because of the opportunities it provides for developing more sustainable methods. Concentrating on recent advances, this article covers industrial aspects, inorganic materials, organic synthesis, cocrystallisation, pharmaceutical aspects, metal complexes (including metal–organic frameworks), supramolecular aspects and characterization methods. The historical development, mechanistic aspects, limitations and opportunities are also discussed (314 references).read more
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Mechanochemistry: A force in disguise and conditional effects towards chemical reactions
Srikanth Mateti,Motilal Mathesh,Zhen Liu,Tao Tao,Thrinathreddy Ramireddy,Alexey M. Glushenkov,Wenrong Yang,Ying Ian Chen +7 more
TL;DR: It is shown that mechanochemical reactions can be controlled by varying milling parameters, such as the mechanical force, milling intensity, time and atmosphere.
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Poly(ethylene glycol) as reaction medium for mild Mizoroki–Heck reaction in a ball-mill
TL;DR: Phosphine-free palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki-Heck reaction was performed using ball-milling in polyethylene glycol under mild conditions and allowed the concomitant formation of round shaped Pd-PEG nanoparticles that were characterized by TEM analysis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nitrogen-Doped Biomass-Derived Carbon Formed by Mechanochemical Synthesis for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.
Christina Schneidermann,Christian Kensy,Pascal Otto,Steffen Oswald,Lars Giebeler,Desirée Leistenschneider,Sven Grätz,Susanne Dörfler,Stefan Kaskel,Lars Borchardt +9 more
TL;DR: These N-doped carbons are highly suitable as cathode materials for Li-S batteries, showing high initial discharge capacities of up to 1300 mAh gsulfur -1 and capacity retention within the first 50 cycles at low electrolyte volume.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanochemical Synthesis of Poly(phenylene vinylenes)
TL;DR: In this paper, a simple, rapid, and solvent-free methodology for solid-state polymerizations yielding poly(phenylene vinylenes) (PPVs) promoted by ball-milling is reported.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanochemistry: A Green, Activation-Free and Top-Down Strategy to High-Surface-Area Carbon Materials
Xidong Lin,Yeru Liang,Zhitao Lu,He Lou,Xingcai Zhang,Shaohong Liu,Bingna Zheng,Ruliang Liu,Ruowen Fu,Dingcai Wu +9 more
TL;DR: In this article, a green, activation-free, top-down method was developed to prepare high-surface-area carbon materials from agricultural wastes through mechanochemistry, which can smash the monolithic agricultural wastes into tiny microparticles with abundant surfaces and bulk defects, which leads to the generation of well-developed hierarchical porous structures after direct carbonization.
References
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A profile refinement method for nuclear and magnetic structures
TL;DR: In this paper, a structure refinement method was described which does not use integrated neutron powder intensities, single or overlapping, but employs directly the profile intensities obtained from step-scanning measurements of the powder diagram.
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A chemically functionalizable nanoporous material (Cu3(TMA)2(H2O)3)n
TL;DR: In this paper, a highly porous metal coordination polymer [Cu3(TMA)2(H2O)3]n (where TMA is benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylate) was formed in 80 percent yield.
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The Sonogashira Reaction: A Booming Methodology in Synthetic Organic Chemistry†
Rafael Chinchilla,Carmen Nájera +1 more
TL;DR: Transition-Metal-Free Reactions, Alkynylation of Heterocycles, and Synthesis of Electronic and Electrooptical Molecules: A Review.
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Asymmetric enamine catalysis.
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Rietveld refinement guidelines
TL;DR: A set of general guidelines for structure refinement using the Rietveld (whole profile) method has been formulated by the International Union of Crystallography Commission on Powder Diffraction.