Modulation of gut microbiota by berberine and metformin during the treatment of high-fat diet-induced obesity in rats
Xu Zhang,Yufeng Zhao,Jia Xu,Zhengsheng Xue,Menghui Zhang,Xiaoyan Pang,Xiaojun Zhang,Liping Zhao +7 more
TLDR
The findings suggest that berberine and metformin showed similarity in modulating the gut microbiota, including the enrichment of SCFA-producing bacteria and reduction of microbial diversity, which may contribute to their beneficial effects to the host.Abstract:
Accumulating evidence suggests that the gut microbiota is an important factor in mediating the development of obesity-related metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes. Metformin and berberine, two clinically effective drugs for treating diabetes, have recently been shown to exert their actions through modulating the gut microbiota. In this study, we demonstrated that metformin and berberine similarly shifted the overall structure of the gut microbiota in rats. Both drugs showed reverting effects on the high-fat diet-induced structural changes of gut microbiota. The diversity of gut microbiota was significantly reduced by both berberine- and metformin-treatments. Nearest shrunken centroids analysis identified 134 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) responding to the treatments, which showed close associations with the changes of obese phenotypes. Sixty out of the 134 OTUs were decreased by both drugs, while those belonging to putative short-chain fatty acids (SCFA)-producing bacteria, including Allobaculum, Bacteriodes, Blautia, Butyricoccus, and Phascolarctobacterium, were markedly increased by both berberine and, to a lesser extent, metformin. Taken together, our findings suggest that berberine and metformin showed similarity in modulating the gut microbiota, including the enrichment of SCFA-producing bacteria and reduction of microbial diversity, which may contribute to their beneficial effects to the host.read more
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Metformin alters the gut microbiome of individuals with treatment-naive type 2 diabetes, contributing to the therapeutic effects of the drug
Hao Wu,Eduardo Esteve,Eduardo Esteve,Valentina Tremaroli,Muhammad Tanweer Khan,Robert Caesar,Louise Mannerås-Holm,Marcus Ståhlman,Lisa M. Olsson,Matteo Serino,Mercè Planas-Fèlix,Gemma Xifra,Gemma Xifra,Josep M. Mercader,David Torrents,David Torrents,Rémy Burcelin,Rémy Burcelin,Wifredo Ricart,Wifredo Ricart,Rosie Perkins,José Manuel Fernández-Real,José Manuel Fernández-Real,Fredrik Bäckhed,Fredrik Bäckhed,Fredrik Bäckhed +25 more
TL;DR: It is shown that metformin affected pathways with common biological functions in species from two different phyla, and many of the met formin-regulated genes in these species encoded metalloproteins or metal transporters, which provides support for the notion that altered gut microbiota mediates some of metformIn's antidiabetic effects.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gut microbiota and intestinal FXR mediate the clinical benefits of metformin.
Lulu Sun,Cen Xie,Guang Wang,Yue Wu,Qing Wu,Xuemei Wang,Jia Liu,Yangyang Deng,Jialin Xia,Bo Chen,Song-Yang Zhang,Chuyu Yun,Guan Lian,Xiujuan Zhang,Heng Zhang,William H. Bisson,Jingmin Shi,Xiaoxia Gao,Pupu Ge,Cui Hua Liu,Kristopher W. Krausz,Robert G. Nichols,Jingwei Cai,Bipin Rimal,Andrew D. Patterson,Xian Wang,Frank J. Gonzalez,Changtao Jiang +27 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that metformin acts in part through a B. fragilis–GUDCA–intestinal FXR axis to improve metabolic dysfunction, including hyperglycemia, and improves the metabolic health of humans and mice.
Journal ArticleDOI
Metformin Is Associated With Higher Relative Abundance of Mucin-Degrading Akkermansia muciniphila and Several Short-Chain Fatty Acid-Producing Microbiota in the Gut.
Jacobo de la Cuesta-Zuluaga,Noel T. Mueller,Vanessa Corrales-Agudelo,Eliana P. Velásquez-Mejía,Jenny A. Carmona,José M. Abad,Juan S. Escobar +6 more
TL;DR: The hypothesis that metformin shifts gut microbiota composition through the enrichment of mucin-degrading A. muciniphila as well as several SCFA-producing microbiota is supported.
Journal ArticleDOI
Blautia-a new functional genus with potential probiotic properties?
Xuemei Liu,Mao Bingyong,Jiayu Gu,Jiaying Wu,Cui Shumao,Wang Gang,Jianxin Zhao,Hao Zhang,Wei Chen +8 more
TL;DR: Blautia is a genus of anaerobic bacteria with probiotic characteristics that occur widely in the feces and intestines of mammals as discussed by the authors based on phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses.
Journal ArticleDOI
Understanding the glucoregulatory mechanisms of metformin in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Marc Foretz,Marc Foretz,Marc Foretz,Bruno Guigas,Benoit Viollet,Benoit Viollet,Benoit Viollet +6 more
TL;DR: The mechanisms underlying the plasma glucose level-lowering effects of metformin (1,1-dimethylbiguanide) still remain incompletely understood as discussed by the authors. But, the role of AMPK has been challenged and might only account for indirect changes in hepatic insulin sensitivity.
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