The NANOGrav 12.5 yr Data Set: Search for an Isotropic Stochastic Gravitational-wave Background
Zaven Arzoumanian,Paul T. Baker,Harsha Blumer,B. Bécsy,Adam Brazier,Paul R. Brook,Sarah Burke-Spolaor,Sarah Burke-Spolaor,Shami Chatterjee,Siyuan Chen,Siyuan Chen,James M. Cordes,Neil J. Cornish,Fronefield Crawford,H. Thankful Cromartie,H. Thankful Cromartie,Megan E. DeCesar,Megan E. DeCesar,Paul Demorest,Timothy Dolch,Justin A. Ellis,Elizabeth C. Ferrara,William Fiore,Emmanuel Fonseca,Nathan Garver-Daniels,Peter A. Gentile,Deborah C. Good,Jeffrey S. Hazboun,A. Miguel Holgado,A. Miguel Holgado,K. Islo,Ross J. Jennings,Megan L. Jones,Andrew R. Kaiser,David L. Kaplan,Luke Zoltan Kelley,Joey Shapiro Key,Nima Laal,Michael T. Lam,T. Joseph W. Lazio,Duncan R. Lorimer,Jing Luo,Ryan S. Lynch,D. R. Madison,Maura McLaughlin,Chiara M. F. Mingarelli,Chiara M. F. Mingarelli,Cherry Ng,David J. Nice,Timothy T. Pennucci,Timothy T. Pennucci,Nihan Pol,Nihan Pol,Scott M. Ransom,Paul S. Ray,Brent J. Shapiro-Albert,Xavier Siemens,Xavier Siemens,Joseph Simon,Joseph Simon,Renée Spiewak,Ingrid H. Stairs,Daniel R. Stinebring,Kevin Stovall,Jerry P. Sun,Joseph K. Swiggum,Stephen Taylor,Jacob E. Turner,Michele Vallisneri,Sarah J. Vigeland,Caitlin A. Witt +70 more
TLDR
In this article, the authors search for an isotropic stochastic GWB in the 12.5-yr pulsar-timing data set collected by the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves.Abstract:
We search for an isotropic stochastic gravitational-wave background (GWB) in the 12.5 yr pulsar-timing data set collected by the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves. Our analysis finds strong evidence of a stochastic process, modeled as a power law, with common amplitude and spectral slope across pulsars. Under our fiducial model, the Bayesian posterior of the amplitude for an f −2/3 power-law spectrum, expressed as the characteristic GW strain, has median 1.92 × 10−15 and 5%–95% quantiles of 1.37–2.67 × 10−15 at a reference frequency of the Bayes factor in favor of the common-spectrum process versus independent red-noise processes in each pulsar exceeds 10,000. However, we find no statistically significant evidence that this process has quadrupolar spatial correlations, which we would consider necessary to claim a GWB detection consistent with general relativity. We find that the process has neither monopolar nor dipolar correlations, which may arise from, for example, reference clock or solar system ephemeris systematics, respectively. The amplitude posterior has significant support above previously reported upper limits; we explain this in terms of the Bayesian priors assumed for intrinsic pulsar red noise. We examine potential implications for the supermassive black hole binary population under the hypothesis that the signal is indeed astrophysical in nature.read more
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Cosmology Intertwined: A Review of the Particle Physics, Astrophysics, and Cosmology Associated with the Cosmological Tensions and Anomalies
Elcio Abdalla,G. F. Abell'an,Amin Aboubrahim,Adriano Agnello,Ozgur Akarsu,Yashar Akrami,George Alestas,Daniel Aloni,Luca Amendola,Luis A. Anchordoqui,Richard I. Anderson,Nikki Arendse,Marika Asgari,Mario Ballardini,Vernon Barger,Spyros Basilakos,R. C. Batista,Elia S. Battistelli,Richard A. Battye,Micol Benetti,David Benisty,Asher Berlin,P. de Bernardis,Emanuele Berti,Bohdan Bidenko,Simon Birrer,John P. Blakeslee,Kimberly K. Boddy,Clecio R. Bom,Alexander Bonilla,Nicolas Borghi,F. R. Bouchet,Matteo Braglia,Thomas Buchert,E. Buckley-Geer,Erminia Calabrese,Robert R. Caldwell,David Camarena,Salvatore Capozziello,Stefano Casertano,Geoff C. F. Chen,Jens Chluba,Angela Chen,Hsin-Yu Chen,Anton Chudaykin,Michele Cicoli,Craig J. Copi,Frederic Courbin,Francis-Yan Cyr-Racine,Bozena Czerny,Maria Giovanna Dainotti,Guido D'Amico,Anne-Christine Davis,Javier P'erez,Jaume Haro,Jacques Delabrouille,Peter B. Denton,Suhail Dhawan,Keith R. Dienes,E. Di Valentino,Pu Du,Dominique Eckert,Celia Escamilla-Rivera,A. Fert'e,Fabio Finelli,Pablo Fosalba,Wendy L. Freedman,Noemi Frusciante,Enrique Gaztanaga,William Giarè,Elena Giusarma,Adria G'omez-Valent,Will Handley,Ian Harrison,Luke Hart,Dhiraj Kumar Hazra,Alan Heavens,Asta Heinesen,Hendrik Hildebrandt,Jessica C Hill,Natalie B. Hogg,Daniel E. Holz,Deanna C. Hooper,Nikoo Hosseininejad,Dragan Huterer,Mustapha Ishak,Mikhail M. Ivanov,Andrew H. Jaffe,In Sung Jang,Karsten Jedamzik,Raul Jimenez,Melissa Joseph,Shahab Joudaki,Marc Kamionkowski,Tanvi Karwal,Lavrentios Kazantzidis,Ryan E. Keeley,Michael Klasen,Eiichiro Komatsu,Léon V. E. Koopmans,Suresh Kumar,Luca Lamagna,Ruth Lazkoz,Chung-Chi Lee,Julien Lesgourgues,Jackson Levi Said,Tiffany R. Lewis,Benjamin L'Huiller,Matteo Lucca,Roy Maartens,Lucas M. Macri,Danny Marfatia,Valerio Marra,Carlos Martins,Silvia Masi,Sabino Matarrese,Arindam Mazumdar,Alessandro Melchiorri,Olga Mena,Laura Mersini-Houghton,James B. Mertens,Dinko Milaković,Yuto Minami,V. Miranda,Cristian Moreno-Pulido,Michele Ennio Maria Moresco,David F. Mota,Emil Mottola,Simone Mozzon,J. Muir,Ankan Mukherjee,Suvodip Mukherjee,Pavel Naselsky,Pran Nath,Savvas Nesseris,Florian Niedermann,Alessio Notari,Rafael C. Nunes,Eoin 'O Colg'ain,Kayla A. Owens,Emre Ozulker,Francesco Paresce,Andronikos Paliathanasis,Antonella Palmese,Supriya Pan,Daniela Paoletti,S. E. Perez Bergliaffa,Leadros Perivolaropoulos,Dominic W. Pesce,Valeria Pettorino,Oliver H. E. Philcox,Levon Pogosian,Vivian Poulin,Gaspard Poulot,Marco Roveri,Mark J. Reid,F. Renzi,Adam G. Riess,V. I. Sabla,Paolo Salucci,Vincenzo Salzano,Emmanuel N. Saridakis,Bangalore Suryanarayana Sathyaprakash,Martin Schmaltz,N. Schoneberg,Daniel Scolnic,Anjan A. Sen,Neelima Sehgal,Arman Shafieloo,Mohammmad Mahdi Sheikh-Jabbari,Joseph Silk,Alessandra Silvestri,Foteini Skara,Martin S. Sloth,Marcelle Soares-Santos,Joan Solà Peracaula,Yu-Yang Songsheng,Jorge F. Soriano,Denitsa Staicova,Glenn D. Starkman,István Szapudi,E. Teixera,Brooks Thomas,Tommaso Treu,E. Trott,Carsten van de Bruck,Jose Alberto Vazquez,Licia Verde,Luca Visinelli,Deng Wang,Jian-Min Wang,Shao-Jiang Wang,Richard Watkins,Scott Watson,John K. Webb,Neal Weiner,Amanda Weltman,Samuel J. Witte,Radosław Wojtak,Anil Kumar Yadav,Weiqiang Yang,Gong-Bo Zhao,Miguel Zumalac'arregui +202 more
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors focus on the 5.0σ tension between the Planck CMB estimate of the Hubble constant H0 and the SH0ES collaboration measurements and discuss the importance of trying to fit a full array of data with a single model.
Journal ArticleDOI
On the evidence for a common-spectrum process in the search for the nanohertz gravitational-wave background with the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array
B. Goncharov,Ryan Shannon,Daniel J. Reardon,George Hobbs,Andrew Zic,Andrew Zic,Matthew Bailes,M. Curylo,Shi Dai,Shi Dai,Matthew Kerr,Marcus E. Lower,Marcus E. Lower,Richard N. Manchester,R. Mandow,R. Mandow,H. Middleton,H. Middleton,M. T. Miles,Aditya Parthasarathy,Eric Thrane,Nithyanandan Thyagarajan,Xiao Xue,Xing-Jiang Zhu,A. D. Cameron,Yi Feng,Rui Luo,Christopher J. Russell,John Sarkissian,Renée Spiewak,Renée Spiewak,Shen Wang,Shen Wang,Jingbo Wang,Lei Zhang,Songbo Zhang +35 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) data were used to detect the spatial correlation of the Hellings-downs signature of the gravitational wave background.
Journal ArticleDOI
Common-red-signal analysis with 24-yr high-precision timing of the European Pulsar Timing Array: Inferences in the stochastic gravitational-wave background search
Siyuan Chen,R. N. Caballero,Y J Guo,A. Chalumeau,Kang Liu,G. Shaifullah,G. Shaifullah,Kejia Lee,Kejia Lee,Kejia Lee,Stanislav Babak,Gregory Desvignes,Aditya Parthasarathy,H. Hu,E. van der Wateren,E. van der Wateren,John Antoniadis,A.-S. Bak Nielsen,A.-S. Bak Nielsen,Cees Bassa,A. Berthereau,M. Burgay,David Champion,Ismaël Cognard,M. Falxa,Robert D. Ferdman,Paulo C. C. Freire,Jonathan R. Gair,E. Graikou,Lucas Guillemot,J. Jang,Gemma H. Janssen,Gemma H. Janssen,Ramesh Karuppusamy,Michael Keith,Michael Kramer,Michael Kramer,X. J. Liu,X. J. Liu,Andrew Lyne,R. A. Main,J. W. McKee,Mitchell B. Mickaliger,Benetge Perera,Delphine Perrodin,Antoine Petiteau,N. K. Porayko,Andrea Possenti,Andrea Possenti,A. Samajdar,S. A. Sanidas,Alberto Sesana,Alberto Sesana,L. Speri,Ben Stappers,Gilles Theureau,Caterina Tiburzi,Alberto Vecchio,Joris P. W. Verbiest,Joris P. W. Verbiest,J. Wang,Lan Wang,H. Xu,H. Xu +63 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present results from the search for a stochastic gravitational-wave background (GWB) as predicted by the theory of General Relativity using six radio millisecond pulsars from the Data Release 2 (DR2) of the European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA) covering a timespan up to 24 years.
Journal ArticleDOI
The International Pulsar Timing Array second data release: Search for an isotropic gravitational wave background
TL;DR: In this article , the International Pulsar Timing Array (IPTA) was used to search for an isotropic stochastic gravitational wave background in the second data release of the PTA.
Journal ArticleDOI
Scalar Induced Gravitational Waves Review
TL;DR: A review on the state-of-the-art of induced gravitational waves induced by primordial fluctuations is provided in this paper, where the intuitive physics behind induced gravitational wave and the general analytical formulation are revisited and unified.
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