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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

The Possible “Proton Sponge ” Effect of Polyethylenimine (PEI) Does Not Include Change in Lysosomal pH

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TLDR
Measurements of lysosomal pH as a function of PEI content and correlate the results to the "proton sponge " hypothesis show that PEI does not induce change in lysoomic pH as previously suggested and quantification ofPEI concentrations inLysosomes makes it uncertain that the " proton sponge ' effect is the dominant mechanism of polyplex escape.
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This article is published in Molecular Therapy.The article was published on 2013-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 616 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Polyethylenimine.

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Nano‐Oncologicals: A Tortoise Trail Reaching New Avenues

TL;DR: A critical overview of the current potential of nanotechnology to solve problems associated with the different categories of drugs is provided and the benefits of combining immunotherapies and nanotechnology are described.
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Comprehensive Study of DNA Binding on Iron(II,III) Oxide Nanoparticles with a Positively Charged Polyamine Three-Dimensional Coating

TL;DR: The flexibility of the PEI coating, which consists of only 1, 2, and 3° amines, on the nanoparticle surface has a significant influence on the overall DNA binding capacity and the binding efficiency (or N/P ratio).
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AFM visualization of sub-50 nm polyplex disposition to the nuclear pore complex without compromising the integrity of the nuclear envelope

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that disposition of polyethylenimine (PEI)/DNA polyplexes that were microinjected into the oocytes of Xenopus laevis, as an example of a non-dividing cell, is exclusive to the nuclear pore complex (NPC).
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Self-Catalytic Small Interfering RNA Nanocarriers for Synergistic Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases.

TL;DR: Li et al. as mentioned in this paper developed a self-catalytic small interfering RNA (siRNA) nanocarriers (S/Ce-PABMS) to catalyze delivery process and treatment process for synergistic treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
References
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A versatile vector for gene and oligonucleotide transfer into cells in culture and in vivo: polyethylenimine

TL;DR: Together, these properties make PEI a promising vector for gene therapy and an outstanding core for the design of more sophisticated devices because its efficiency relies on extensive lysosome buffering that protects DNA from nuclease degradation, and consequent lysOSomal swelling and rupture that provide an escape mechanism for the PEI/DNA particles.
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Understanding biophysicochemical interactions at the nano–bio interface

TL;DR: Probing the various interfaces of nanoparticle/biological interfaces allows the development of predictive relationships between structure and activity that are determined by nanomaterial properties such as size, shape, surface chemistry, roughness and surface coatings.
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Nonviral Vectors for Gene Delivery

TL;DR: Two nonviral gene delivery systems using either biodegradable poly(D,Llactide-co-glycolide) (PLG) nanoparticles or cell penetrating peptide (CPP) complexes have been designed and studied using A549 human lung epithelial cells.
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Exploring polyethylenimine-mediated DNA transfection and the proton sponge hypothesis.

TL;DR: The relatively high transfection efficiency of polyethylenimine vectors has been hypothesized to be due to their ability to avoid trafficking to degradative lysosomes, and according to the proton sponge hypothesis, the buffering capacity of PEI leads to osmotic swelling and rupture of endosome, resulting in the release of the vector into the cytoplasm.
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Chloride Accumulation and Swelling in Endosomes Enhances DNA Transfer by Polyamine-DNA Polyplexes

TL;DR: The results provide direct support for the proton sponge hypothesis and thus a rational basis for the design of improved non-viral vectors for gene delivery.
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