Department of Biotechnology

About: Department of Biotechnology is a government organization based out in New Delhi, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Silver nanoparticle. The organization has 4800 authors who have published 5033 publications receiving 82022 citations.

Neurodegenerative Diseases: Multifactorial Conformational Diseases and Their Therapeutic Interventions

Abstract: Neurodegenerative diseases are multifactorial debilitating disorders of the nervous system that affect approximately 30 millionindividuals worldwide. Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis diseases are the consequence of misfolding and dysfunctional trafficking of proteins. Beside that, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and/or environmental factors strongly associated with age have also been implicated in causing neurodegeneration. After years of intensive research, considerable evidence has accumulated that demonstrates an important role of these factors in the etiology of common neurodegenerative diseases. Despite the extensive efforts that have attempted to define the molecular mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration, many aspects of these pathologies remain elusive. However, in order to explore the therapeutic interventions directed towards treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, neuroscientists are now fully exploiting the data obtained from studies of these basic mechanisms that have gone awry. The novelty of these mechanisms represents a challenge to the identification of viable drug targets and biomarkers for early diagnosis of the diseases. In this paper, we are reviewing various aspects associated with the disease and the recent trends that may have an application for the treatment of the neurodegenerative disorders.

Removal of toxic pollutants from water environment by phytoremediation: A survey on application and future prospects

Abstract: Pollutants is one of the ecological contaminations for the time being days as effect of mechanical improvement in a few nations. Heavy metals and dyes give harmful consequences for human wellbeing and cause a few genuine maladies. A few systems have been utilizing for expelling toxic contaminants from the natural yet these strategies have impediments, for example, cost expense, logistical issues and time consuming, low efficiency. Phytoremediation is the best alternative for tidying up condition, as it is the naturally economical and ecologically practical innovation. Phytoremediation offers proprietors and chiefs of toxic polluted locales is an imaginative and financially effective choice to address headstrong natural contaminants. As it uses plants characteristic capacity to suck the contamination present in the dirt. There are numerous plants having this regular capacity to up take the toxic contaminants and natural contaminations from air, soil and water. There are distinctive subsets of phytoremediation; the most successfully utilized ones are (a) Phytostabilization (b) Rhizodegradation (c) Rhizofiltration (d) Phytodegradation (e) Phytoextraction (f) Phytoaccumulation (g) Phytovolatilization. This review focuses on fortifying innovation system, upgrade the resilience and protection from toxic contaminants, and application impact of phytoremediation.

Biodiesel production using chemical and biological methods – A review of process, catalyst, acyl acceptor, source and process variables

Abstract: The indiscriminate extraction and consumption of fossil fuels have left the world with a corner kick into the area of exponential fuel demand and now the race is on for alternate energy source. The fortunate improvements in Biodiesel fuel production techniques has been the heading topic of economic and environment sustainability so far. Biodiesel have the potential to replace diesel in vehicle engines. It has been tested and proved that engines running on biodiesel have shown low smoke emission and low toxic gas emission. Biodiesel properties such as oxidation stability, cloud point, iodine value, linoleic acid and poly-unsaturated fatty acid methyl ester content of biodiesel are dependent upon the quality of the feedstock. Processing parameters such as density, viscosity, acid value, distillation property are dependent on feedstock as well as the reaction conditions or the extent of reaction. Combustion property greatly varies with the substrates used and almost all the varieties have been proven to be as superior as that of conventional diesel fuel. Though the existing fossil and terrestrial biomass based oil cannot realistically satisfy the existing demands, algal oil source scores the most out of demanded factors like oil content, extractability, comfortable cultivation and efficient biomass production. Algae are a diverse group of plant like microorganisms, prokaryotic and eukaryotic, mostly autotrophic in nature with basic requirement such as CO 2 and light for their normal growth and metabolic activity. Being micro scaled in physiology, most species of algae have less doubling time and the oil productivity greatly exceeds the outcome of best oil producing crops which clearly portrays that microalgae acts as a renewable source and can yield enough amount of oil for biodiesel production to meet the present intensifying demands. This article aims at reviewing the technical aspects of various biodiesel production methods from diverse oil feedstocks, their importance and significance of microalgal, process availability, commercialization potential of various processes.