Jordan University of Science and Technology

About: Jordan University of Science and Technology is a education organization based out in Irbid, Irbid, Jordan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 7582 authors who have published 13166 publications receiving 298158 citations. The organization is also known as: JUST.

Epidemiology of injuries from fire, heat and hot substances: global, regional and national morbidity and mortality estimates from the Global Burden of Disease 2017 study.

Abstract: Background: Past research has shown how fires, heat and hot substances are important causes of health loss globally. Detailed estimates of the morbidity and mortality from these injuries could help drive preventative measures and improved access to care. Methods: We used the Global Burden of Disease 2017 framework to produce three main results. First, we produced results on incidence, prevalence, years lived with disability, deaths, years of life lost and disability-adjusted life years from 1990 to 2017 for 195 countries and territories. Second, we analysed these results to measure mortality-to-incidence ratios by location. Third, we reported the measures above in terms of the cause of fire, heat and hot substances and the types of bodily injuries that result. Results: Globally, there were 8 991 468 (7 481 218 to 10 740 897) new fire, heat and hot substance injuries in 2017 with 120 632 (101 630 to 129 383) deaths. At the global level, the age-standardised mortality caused by fire, heat and hot substances significantly declined from 1990 to 2017, but regionally there was variability in age-standardised incidence with some regions experiencing an increase (eg, Southern Latin America) and others experiencing a significant decrease (eg, High-income North America). Conclusions: The incidence and mortality of injuries that result from fire, heat and hot substances affect every region of the world but are most concentrated in middle and lower income areas. More resources should be invested in measuring these injuries as well as in improving infrastructure, advancing safety measures and ensuring access to care.

Light-induced fluorescence studies on dehydration of incipient enamel lesions.

Abstract: Changes in the hydration state of enamel affect its optical qualities, such as light scattering and fluorescence. In this study, the rate of fluorescence loss was measured when incipient enamel lesions with different de-remineralization history were left to dehydrate. Four groups of lesions were studied. In groups A, B and C, the lesions were prepared in vitro in an acid-gel system. Group A was kept as control, and groups B and C were remineralized (4 weeks) without and with 1 ppm F in solution, respectively. Group D consisted of natural incipient lesions. Enamel fluorescence was measured for all lesions immediately after removal from water and subsequently at short intervals for 30 min. The change in fluorescence with dehydration varied between the groups. In lesions from groups A and B, it followed a double exponential decrease, while in lesions from groups C and D, it followed a mono-exponential decrease. In all groups, the fluorescence of sound surfaces declined mono-exponentially. The ‘fractional fluorescence difference’, defined as (Lsound – Lcarious )/Lsound, became constant after periods of dehydration of about 5, 5, 20 and 5 min for groups A to D, respectively. The observation of the change of fluorescence with dehydration should be taken into consideration when planning studies that use fluorescence as an assessment method. However, it might also be used to gain insight into the properties for fluid transport inside the various lesions, relevant to de-remineralization or fluoride treatments.

5-Fluorouracil-induced apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells is caspase-9-dependent and mediated by activation of protein kinase C-δ

Abstract: Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms by which 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) induces apoptosis is required in order to understand the resistance of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells to 5-FU. In the current study, 5-FU-induced apoptosis was assessed using the propidium iodide method. Involvement of protein kinase C (PKC) was assessed by evaluating the extent of their activation in CRC, following treatment with 5-FU, using biochemical inhibitors and western blot analysis. The results revealed that 5-FU induces varying degrees of apoptosis in CRC cells; HCT116 cells were identified to be the most sensitive cells and SW480 were the least sensitive. In addition, 5-FU-induced apoptosis was caspase-dependent as it appeared to be initiated by caspase-9. Furthermore, PKCɛ was marginally expressed in CRC cells and no changes were observed in the levels of cleavage or phosphorylation following treatment with 5-FU. The treatment of HCT116 cells with 5-FU increased the expression, phosphorylation and cleavage of PKCδ. The inhibition of PKCδ was found to significantly inhibit 5-FU-induced apoptosis. These results indicated that 5-FU induces apoptosis in CRC by the activation of PKCδ and caspase-9. In addition, the levels of PKCδ activation may determine the sensitivity of CRC to 5-FU.

Prevalence of pulp stones in Jordanian adults

Abstract: Objective. The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of pulp stones in a sample of Jordanian dental patients. The article also presents frequency distributions of this condition among different types of teeth. Study design. Data were collected through radiographic examinations of a random sample of periapical and bitewing films of 4573 teeth from 814 dental records from the Faculty of Dentistry's filing system. Results. Pulp stones were identified in 22% of the teeth examined. First and second molars were the teeth most commonly affected. Pulp stone incidence was not significantly different among different age and gender groups.