Technical University of Berlin

About: Technical University of Berlin is a education organization based out in Berlin, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Laser & Catalysis. The organization has 27292 authors who have published 59342 publications receiving 1414623 citations. The organization is also known as: Technische Universität Berlin & TU Berlin.

Power consumption modeling in optical multilayer networks

Abstract: The evaluation of and reduction in energy consumption of backbone telecommunication networks has been a popular subject of academic research for the last decade. A critical parameter in these studies is the power consumption of the individual network devices. It appears that across different studies, a wide range of power values for similar equipment is used. This is a result of the scattered and limited availability of power values for optical multilayer network equipment. We propose reference power consumption values for Internet protocol/multiprotocol label switching, Ethernet, optical transport networking and wavelength division multiplexing equipment. In addition we present a simplified analytical power consumption model that can be used for large networks where simulation is computationally expensive or unfeasible. For illustration and evaluation purpose, we apply both calculation approaches to a case study, which includes an optical bypass scenario. Our results show that the analytical model approximates the simulation result to over 90% or higher and that optical bypass potentially can save up to 50% of power over a non-bypass scenario.

Measurement Of Burnout: A Review

Abstract: The importance of reliable and valid instruments to measure burnout is evident not only for the purpose of empirical research but ultimately for individual assessment. This chapter presents a comprehensive overview of measures that have been employed to assess burnout. Several psychometric criteria are used for assessing the various measures, such as inter-item reliability, test-retest consistency, and complexity of the factor structure. Self-report burnout measures can be distinguished according to the amount of psychometric research on which they are based. Two self-report instruments have been intensively studied psychometrically: Burnout Measure (BM) and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). The psychometric qualities of the MBI are encouraging but not completely beyond question. In particular, its discriminant validity is rather poor. In most self-report inventories the individual's depletion of emotional resources is included in one way or another. The chapter also discusses the directions for future research.

A new 3D micro X-ray fluorescence analysis set-up - First archaeometric applications

Abstract: A new 3D micro X-ray fluorescence (micro-XRF) analysis method based on a confocal X-ray set-up is presented. The capabilities of this new method are evaluated and illustrated with depth sensitive investigations of paint layers in ancient Indian Mughal miniatures. Successive paint layers could be distinguished non-destructively with a depth resolution of about 10 μm. Major and minor elements are detectable and can be discriminated in different layers. New light could be shed on ancient painting techniques and materials with this new 3D micro-XRF set-up.