Institution
University of Paris
Education•Paris, France•
About: University of Paris is a education organization based out in Paris, France. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 102426 authors who have published 174180 publications receiving 5041753 citations. The organization is also known as: Sorbonne.
Topics: Population, Medicine, Context (language use), Transplantation, Gene
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this paper, a comparison of three widely used time propagation algorithms for the time dependent Schrodinger equation is described, and a new method is introduced which is based upon a low-order Lanczos technique.
860 citations
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TL;DR: CRC‐associated changes in the fecal microbiome at least partially reflected microbial community composition at the tumor itself, indicating that observed gene pool differences may reveal tumor‐related host–microbe interactions.
Abstract: Several bacterial species have been implicated in the development of colorectal carcinoma (CRC), but CRC-associated changes of fecal microbiota and their potential for cancer screening remain to be explored. Here, we used metagenomic sequencing of fecal samples to identify taxonomic markers that distinguished CRC patients from tumor-free controls in a study population of 156 participants. Accuracy of metagenomic CRC detection was similar to the standard fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and when both approaches were combined, sensitivity improved > 45% relative to the FOBT, while maintaining its specificity. Accuracy of metagenomic CRC detection did not differ significantly between early- and late-stage cancer and could be validated in independent patient and control populations (N = 335 )f rom different countries. CRC-associated changes in the fecal microbiome at least partially reflected microbial community composition at the tumor itself, indicating that observed gene pool differences may reveal tumor-related host–microbe interactions. Indeed, we deduced a metabolic shift from fiber degradation in controls to utilization of host carbohydrates and amino acids in CRC patients, accompanied by an increase of lipopolysaccharide metabolism.
854 citations
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TL;DR: The best indication for transplantation seems to be patients with small and uninodular or binodular tumors; until now, these patients were considered to be the best candidates for resection.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Currently, there is considerable controversy about the place of transplantation in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study compared resection to transplantation in cirrhotic patients with HCC in order to determine reasonable indications of each treatment. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: The usual procedure is to resect when feasible and to transplant in other cases. METHODS: Three-year survival with and without recurrence was analyzed in 60 patients who underwent resection and 60 who underwent transplantation. Several prognostic factors, such as size, number of nodules, portal thrombus, and histologic form, were studied. RESULTS: In terms of overall survival rates, resection and transplantation yield the same results (50% vs. 47%, respectively, at 3 years). For transplantation, however, the rate for survival without recurrence is better than that for resection (46% vs. 27%, respectively; p 3 cm, or presence of portal thrombus). CONCLUSIONS: The best indication for transplantation seems to be patients with small and uninodular or binodular tumors; until now, these patients were considered to be the best candidates for resection. Patients undergoing transplantation for unresectable, large, multinodular or diffuse tumors seem to represent bad indications for transplantation. These results could help define reasonable indications for transplantation in an era with a shortage of liver grafts.
852 citations
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TL;DR: MadGraph5_aMC@NLO as discussed by the authors is a computer program capable of handling parton-level fixed order, shower-matched, merged computations in a unified framework whose defining features are flexibility, high level of parallelisation, and human intervention limited to input physics quantities.
Abstract: We discuss the theoretical bases that underpin the automation of the computations of tree-level and next-to-leading order cross sections, of their matching to parton shower simulations, and of the merging of matched samples that differ by light-parton multiplicities. We present a computer program, MadGraph5_aMC@NLO, capable of handling all these computations -- parton-level fixed order, shower-matched, merged -- in a unified framework whose defining features are flexibility, high level of parallelisation, and human intervention limited to input physics quantities. We demonstrate the potential of the program by presenting selected phenomenological applications relevant to the LHC and to a 1-TeV $e^+e^-$ collider. While next-to-leading order results are restricted to QCD corrections to SM processes in the first public version, we show that from the user viewpoint no changes have to be expected in the case of corrections due to any given renormalisable Lagrangian, and that the implementation of these are well under way.
852 citations
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TL;DR: This work finds that, as early as 90 min after alpha-GalCer injection in vivo, NK cells also displayed considerable signs of activation, including IFN-gamma production and CD69 induction, which identifies a high-speed communication network between the innate and adaptive immune systems in vivo that is initiated upon NKT cell activation.
Abstract: α-Galactosylceramide (α-GalCer) is a glycolipid with potent antitumor properties that binds to CD1d molecules and activates mouse Vα14 and human Vα24 NKT cells. Surprisingly, we found that, as early as 90 min after α-GalCer injection in vivo, NK cells also displayed considerable signs of activation, including IFN-γ production and CD69 induction. NK activation was not observed in RAG- or CD1-deficient mice, and it was decreased by pretreatment with anti-IFN-γ Abs, suggesting that, despite its rapid induction, it was a secondary event that depended on IFN-γ release by NKT cells. At later time points, B cells and CD8 T cells also began to express CD69. These findings identify a high-speed communication network between the innate and adaptive immune systems in vivo that is initiated upon NKT cell activation. They also suggest that the antitumor effects of α-GalCer result from the sequential recruitment of distinct innate and adaptive effector lymphocytes.
852 citations
Authors
Showing all 102613 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Guido Kroemer | 236 | 1404 | 246571 |
David H. Weinberg | 183 | 700 | 171424 |
Paul M. Thompson | 183 | 2271 | 146736 |
Chris Sander | 178 | 713 | 233287 |
Sophie Henrot-Versille | 171 | 957 | 157040 |
Richard H. Friend | 169 | 1182 | 140032 |
George P. Chrousos | 169 | 1612 | 120752 |
Mika Kivimäki | 166 | 1515 | 141468 |
Martin Karplus | 163 | 831 | 138492 |
William J. Sandborn | 162 | 1317 | 108564 |
Darien Wood | 160 | 2174 | 136596 |
Monique M.B. Breteler | 159 | 546 | 93762 |
Paul Emery | 158 | 1314 | 121293 |
Wolfgang Wagner | 156 | 2342 | 123391 |
Joao Seixas | 153 | 1538 | 115070 |