Institution
University of Turku
Education•Turku, Finland•
About: University of Turku is a education organization based out in Turku, Finland. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Galaxy. The organization has 16296 authors who have published 45124 publications receiving 1505428 citations. The organization is also known as: Turun yliopisto & Åbo universitet.
Topics: Population, Galaxy, Context (language use), Poison control, Cancer
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: Current literature is insufficient to capture the breadth of variability inherent in the wild grass-endophyte populations and communities, and the general importance of defensive mutualism remains to be solved in future studies.
Abstract: Endophyte-grass symbiosis is generally considered to be a classic example of microbe-plant symbiosis in which the fitness of the microbial symbiont and its host plant is closely linked, and thus, presumed to align the interests of partners toward mutually beneficial cooperation. Accumulating evidence seems to suggest that defensive mutualism provides the best framework for understanding plant-endophyte interactions in general. We conducted a meta-analysis of 99 published studies on 36 plant (inc. both grass and tree species), 62 herbivore and 17 predator or parasitoid taxons to test the importance of defensive mutualism in multitrophic interactions. In general, statistical perusal revealed that we still know little about these seemingly well-studied biological interactions. The conceptual framework for endophyte-grass interactions has largely been based on endophyte-plant-herbivore studies of two, economically important, artificially selected and introduced agricultural grass species, tall fescue and perennial ryegrass, and two generalist invertebrate pests. Only 10 original publications provided data of higher trophic levels. Consistent with the defensive mutualism hypothesis, the meta-analysis indicates that endophytes slightly increase grass resistance to herbivores, and the defensive mutualism appears to be most commonly detected in systemic and vertically transmitted grass endophytes compared to horizontally transmitted tree endophytes. However, variation appears to increase when higher trophic levels are considered. In addition to taxonomical bias, the literature is strongly biased toward short-term laboratory and greenhouse experiments rather than field conditions. Thus, current literature is insufficient to capture the breadth of variability inherent in the wild grass-endophyte populations and communities, and the general importance of defensive mutualism remains to be solved in future studies.
233 citations
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TL;DR: Tension side reinforcement was most effective in increasing the load to initial and final fracture in fiber-reinforced composite (FRC).
233 citations
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TL;DR: A bit-vector can be compressed, if the frequence of zeroes (or ones as well) differs from 0.5 or if the vector is clustered in some way (i.e. not random).
233 citations
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TL;DR: The data suggest that the need for genetic susceptibility to develop Type 1 diabetes has decreased over time due to an increasing environmental pressure and this results in a higher disease progression rate especially in subjects with protective HLA genotypes.
Abstract: Aims/hypothesis
The incidence of Type 1 diabetes has increased 2.5 times during the time period from 1966 to 2000 in Finland—a general trend seen in almost all developed countries that can only be explained by environmental factors. The aim of this study was to test the possible effect of a changing environment on distribution of genotypes associated with disease susceptibility.
233 citations
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TL;DR: The new short fiber composite differed significantly in its physical properties compared to other materials tested, which suggests that the latter could be used in high-stress bearing areas.
233 citations
Authors
Showing all 16461 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Kari Alitalo | 174 | 817 | 114231 |
Mika Kivimäki | 166 | 1515 | 141468 |
Jaakko Kaprio | 163 | 1532 | 126320 |
Veikko Salomaa | 162 | 843 | 135046 |
Markus W. Büchler | 148 | 1545 | 93574 |
Eugene C. Butcher | 146 | 446 | 72849 |
Steven Williams | 144 | 1375 | 86712 |
Terho Lehtimäki | 142 | 1304 | 106981 |
Olli T. Raitakari | 142 | 1232 | 103487 |
Pim Cuijpers | 136 | 982 | 69370 |
Jeroen J. Bax | 132 | 1306 | 74992 |
Sten Orrenius | 130 | 447 | 57445 |
Aarno Palotie | 129 | 711 | 89975 |
Stefan W. Hell | 127 | 577 | 65937 |
Carlos López-Otín | 126 | 494 | 83933 |