Vignan University

About: Vignan University is a education organization based out in Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Computer science & Control theory. The organization has 1138 authors who have published 1381 publications receiving 7798 citations.

An Update on Molecular Strategies of Transgenic Rice Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses

Abstract: As stalkless in nature, plants always encounter either abiotic or biotic stresses or both all through the life. Abiotic stresses causes severe damage and results in reduced yield. Salt, drought, heat, and cold are the important abiotic stresses, which derails the plant metabolism. With the increasing salinity, drought, heat, and decreasing natural resources; development of plant resilience for these stresses is the prime requisite. The improved varieties can be produced either by breeding or by transgenic approach. With transgenic approach, it would be easy to obtain the desired varieties in less time compared to conventional plant breeding, a time-consuming method. Rice is the third largest produced crop and its cultivation requires more water than other cereal crops. Development of rice transgenics that can withstand abiotic stresses coupled with high yield and early maturation is the need of the hour. The genetically modified rice showed improved stress tolerance to different abiotic stresses with an increase in yield. The present work describes the development of transgenic rice tolerant to various abiotic stresses alongside the early maturation and increase in yield.

Study the progressive collapse analysis of shear wall-framed building for different soil profile types SC, SD

Abstract: The progressive collapse of the building occurs when one or more vertical load-carrying structural elements like columns and shear walls are removed. Once a column is removed due to an extreme load generated either by natural hazards such as earthquake or by manmade like gas explosions, terrorist attacks, impact by vehicles, etc. The weight of the structure transfers to neighboring columns in the structure. In this current study, the behavior of shear wall –framed buildings with ten stories with flat slab and edge beams. The progressive collapse located in the different soil profile (SC, SD) is investigated. A linear static analysis is worked out by using ETABS Software Version. 16.2.1. The demand capacity ratio is assessed in the RC portion’s critical region associated with the column removed and shear wall, as per GSA guidelines 2013 and ASCE 41-17 Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Existing Buildings [1]. But now the new version 2019 of ETABS 19. Enhancements provide the output tables have been enhanced to tabulate the demand capacity ratio (D/C ratio) for the whole model, the paper concluded that with the additional reinforcement in columns, there is less susceptibility of progressive collapse, and also a building designed to resist earthquake. The results showed the existence of the column and shear wall in the building makes it resistive to progressive collapse under the loss of vertical load-bearing elements by providing sufficient stiffness and load paths for gravity loads.

Improvement of small seed for big nutritional feed.

Abstract: Exploding global population, rapid urbanization, salinization of soils, decreasing arable land availability, groundwater resources, and dynamic climatic conditions pose impending damage to our food security by reducing the grain quality and quantity. This issue is further compounded in arid and semi-arid regions due to the shortage of irrigation water and erratic rainfalls. Millets are gluten (a family of proteins)-free and cultivated all over the globe for human consumption, fuel, feed, and fodder. They provide nutritional security for the under- and malnourished. With the deployment of strategies like foliar spray, traditional/marker-assisted breeding, identification of candidate genes for the translocation of important minerals, and genome-editing technologies, it is now tenable to biofortify important millets. Since the bioavailability of iron and zinc has been proven in human trials, the challenge is to make such grains accessible. This review encompasses nutritional benefits, progress made, challenges being encountered, and prospects of enriching millet crops with essential minerals.

Current Aspects of Nanotechnology: Applications in Agriculture

Abstract: The discipline of nanotechnology has gained momentum in the agriculture field and emerged to modernize the research related to agricultural practices. The use of a lot of chemicals in the agriculture field led to environment pollution, climate change, diminishing natural resources, and other ecological impacts. In recent years, nanotechnology gained attention to overcome such problems, and hence, there is an increase in the quality of food, agro-based products, and natural resources. This chapter discusses about sources of nanomaterials, various forms of nano assisted technologies to improve plant growth and crop yields such as nanocarriers, nanotubes, nanosensors, nanocomposites, nanofibers, nanoclays, and nanocapsules. Furthermore, it emphasized on application of nanotechnology in agriculture to enhance the effects on seed germination rate, plant growth, identification of plant diseases, control of weeds, control of pathogens, smart farming, and precision agriculture. Therefore, these nano-based agricultural practices are essential for food security, ecosystem balance, and sustainable agriculture as they do not affect our environment.