Vignan University

About: Vignan University is a education organization based out in Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Computer science & Control theory. The organization has 1138 authors who have published 1381 publications receiving 7798 citations.

AgNWs -a- TiO x : a scalable wire bar coated core–shell nanocomposite as transparent thin film electrode for flexible electronics applications

Abstract: Flexible electronic devices entail highly transparent and conducting electrodes with excellent adherent and mechanically robust properties along with excellent bendability. Here, we report the development of transparent and conducting electrodes comprising silver nanowires (AgNWs) and amorphous-titanium oxide (a-TiOx) nanocomposite thin films. The AgNWs and a-TiOx nanocomposite thin films were deposited by a wire bar coating process, a scalable and high throughput procedure. PXRD analysis confirmed the crystalline and amorphous nature for AgNWs and TiOx thin film, respectively. FE-SEM and HRTEM analyses revealed the core–shell nature of the composite where AgNWs and a-TiOx acted as core and shell, respectively. Even after three-layer coating of AgNWs-a-TiOx nanocomposite thin films, high transparency (~ 77%) in the visible region (400–800 nm) and a sheet resistance of 23 Ω/sq were observed. Furthermore, tape peel off tests were conducted for AgNWs and AgNWs-a-TiOx nanocomposite, which displayed high adherence for the three-layer coated AgNWs-a-TiOx nanocomposite as compared with AgNWs alone. The formation of AgNWs-a-TiOx core–shell structure enhances the intra-particle binding and network formation of AgNWs. The preliminary studies highlight that the developed AgNWs-a-TiOx nanocomposite thin films have great potential as transparent electrodes for realizing scalable cost-effective flexible electronic devices.

Continues Blood Pressure Measurement and Data Logging Device with SMS Alert

Abstract: This paper presents a new blood pressure (BPs) measurement and data logging device which can be extensively used for ICU patients who are intended for a period of observation. The main purpose of this paper is to know about the changes in BP with respect to time and changes in the food taken by patient who are under observation. If any abnormal changes occur in the BP then the system alerts using a buzzer and it also sends a message to a predefined number (i.e., a physician number) using GSM. If not for each and every second it saves the data into SDcard in a file format, therefore appropriate steps can be taken in accordance with the changes in BP. The paper also took care of layman towards BP inorder to understand everyone even without the help of physician. This paper follows a Non-invasive type of BP measuring technique i.e., volume oscillometric method. Through the developed algorithm the BP measured is more accurate which is compared to the readings measured by sphygmomanometer. This system could be made with the features like cost effective, less complex, more reliable and easy to access.

Performance estimation of DSR, DSDV and AODV in TCP, UDP and SCTP

Abstract: Mobile ad-hoc network is a group of mobile nodes without infrastructure and self-configured in nature. Each node in MANET can move freely in Omni direction thus causes change in links to other devices frequently and they must forward packet transmission irrespective of its personal use; because of this a router is required. So the three prominent routing protocols in MANET such as DSR, AODV and DSDV are considered for the routing in MANETs. In this paper the comparison is based on the performance of two reactive routing protocols DSR, AODV and the proactive DSDV protocol in TCP, UDP and SCTP environments. A simulation model MAC and 802.11 is used to study the interlayer interactions. The performance of protocols is measured based on packet loss and delay. The results are carried out by using network simulator-2. The results presented in this paper illustrate the importance and evaluation of the routing protocols.

Nigella sativa Seed Extracts in Functional Foods and Nutraceutical Applications

Abstract: Plants are used as traditional medicine for curing various diseases. Medicinal plants are used in formulations of herbal drugs due to their safety than allopathic medicines. Medicinal herbs are one of plant species with several medicinal and culinary applications. These herbs are exhibited several biological roles in various applications. Nigella sativa is a medicinal plant extensively used in various medicinal uses globally. N. sativa extracts and seed oils contain bioactive ingredients such as essential oils, fatty acids, sterols, and vitamins. The plant is used as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, antifungal, immunomodulatory, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, improve the skin pigmentation, and wound healing. It has been confirmed that the therapeutic traits of N. sativa is due to the thymoquinone (TQ), the main bioactive compound in the seed extracts and also in the seed oils. The present book chapter is focused on bioactive compounds, as well as the therapeutic and nutritional aspects of seed extracts and seed oil of N. sativa with exploring their properties for the development of novel foods and pharmaceuticals.

Rapid onsite detection of bacterial spores of biothreat importance by paper-based colorimetric method using erbium–pyrocatechol violet complex

Abstract: Dipicolinic acid (DPA) is an important chemical marker for the detection of bacterial spores. In this study, complexes of lanthanide series elements such as erbium, europium, neodymium, and terbium were prepared with pyrocatechol violet and effectively immobilized the pyrocatechol violet (PV)-metal complex on a filter paper using polyvinyl alcohol. These filter paper strips were employed for the onsite detection of bacterial spores. The test filter papers were evaluated quantitatively with different concentrations of DPA and spores of various bacteria. Among the four lanthanide ions, erbium displayed better sensitivity than the other ions. The limit of detection of this test for DPA was 60 μM and 5 × 10(6) spores. The effect of other non-spore-forming bacteria and interfering chemicals on the test strips was also evaluated. The non-spore-forming bacteria did not have considerable effect on the test strip whereas chemicals such as EDTA had significant effects on the test results. The present test is rapid and robust, capable of providing timely results for better judgement to save resources on unnecessary decontamination procedures during false alarms.