York University

About: York University is a education organization based out in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Politics. The organization has 18899 authors who have published 43357 publications receiving 1568560 citations.

Executive control in a modified antisaccade task : Effects of aging and bilingualism

Abstract: Two studies are reported that assess differences associated with aging and bilingualism in an executive control task. Previous work has suggested that bilinguals have an advantage over monolinguals in nonlinguistic tasks involving executive control; the major purpose of the present article is to ascertain which aspects of control are sensitive to the bilingual experience. Study 1 used an antisaccade task and found no effects of aging or bilingualism. Study 2 used the identical visual display but coupled to keypress responses. The results showed that bilinguals resolved various types of response conflict faster than monolinguals and that this bilingual advantage generally increased with age. A speculative interpretation of this pattern of results is offered in conclusion.

Predicting teacher burnout over time: Effects of work stress, social support, and self-doubts on burnout and its consequences

Abstract: This longitudinal study examined antecedents and consequences of psychological burnout among 362 teachers and school administrators. Antecedents included red tape, disruptive students and lack of supervisor support. Consequences of burnout included heart symptoms and depressive mood. Respondents completed questionnaires sent to them at their schools at two points in time, one year apart. LISREL analyses indicated that the predictors had significant relationships with burnout levels one year later, and that burnout served as a mediator between the predictors and emotional and physical health outcomes.

A woman's place : an analysis of the roles portrayed by women in magazine advertisements

Abstract: A Woman's Place: An Analysis of the Roles Portrayed by Women in Magazine Advertisements Alice E. Courtney and Sarah Wernick Lockeretz 92 Shopping Behavior, Expenditure Patterns, and Inner-City Food Prices Donald F. Dixon and Daniel J. McLaughlin, Jr. 96 Problem Solving and Trial Use in the Adoption Process Fred D. Reynolds 100 The Trading Stamp-Price Relationship Gilbert A. Churchill, Jr., Neil M. Ford, and Urban B. Ozanne 103 Product-Related Response to Use of Black Models in Advertising William V. Muse 107 Who Receives Supermarket Prices Most Validly? F. E. Brown 110 Brief vs. Comprehensive Descriptions in Measuring Intentions to Purchase J. Scott Armstrong and Terry Overton 114 Consumer Characteristics Associated With Dealing: An Empirical Example David B. Montgomery 118 Are Voluntarily Unlisted Telephone Subscribers Really Different? James A. Brunner and G. Allen Brunner 121 Automobile Self-Congruity Models Reexamined G. David Hughes and Jose L. Guerrero 125 The Swingman in Communicating With Management Eugene H. Fram 128

Clustering of High Redshift (Z >= 2.9) Quasars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

Abstract: We study the two-point correlation function of a uniformly selected sample of 4426 luminous optical quasars with redshift 2.9 ≤ z ≤ 5.4 selected over 4041 deg2 from the Fifth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We fit a power-law to the projected correlation function wp(rp) to marginalize over redshift-space distortions and redshift errors. For a real-space correlation function of the form ξ(r) = (r/r0)-γ, the fitted parameters in comoving coordinates are r0 = 15.2 ± 2.7 h-1 Mpc and γ = 2.0 ± 0.3, over a scale range 4 h-1 Mpc ≤ rp ≤ 150 h-1 Mpc. Thus high-redshift quasars are appreciably more strongly clustered than their z ≈ 1.5 counterparts, which have a comoving clustering length r0 ≈ 6.5 h-1 Mpc. Dividing our sample into two redshift bins, 2.9 ≤ z ≤ 3.5 and z ≥ 3.5, and assuming a power-law index γ = 2.0, we find a correlation length of r0 = 16.9 ± 1.7 h-1 Mpc for the former and r0 = 24.3 ± 2.4 h-1 Mpc for the latter. Strong clustering at high redshift indicates that quasars are found in very massive, and therefore highly biased, halos. Following Martini & Weinberg, we relate the clustering strength and quasar number density to the quasar lifetimes and duty cycle. Using the Sheth & Tormen halo mass function, the quasar lifetime is estimated to lie in the range ~4-50 Myr for quasars with 2.9 ≤ z ≤ 3.5, and ~30-600 Myr for quasars with z ≥ 3.5. The corresponding duty cycles are ~0.004-0.05 for the lower redshift bin and ~0.03-0.6 for the higher redshift bin. The minimum mass of halos in which these quasars reside is (2-3) × 1012 h-1 M⊙ for quasars with 2.9 ≤ z ≤ 3.5 and (4-6) × 1012 h-1 M⊙ for quasars with z ≥ 3.5; the effective bias factor beff increases with redshift, e.g., beff ~ 8 at z = 3.0 and beff ~ 16 at z = 4.5.